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Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats

A wide range of pet food types are available on the market; the dominant type is dry food formulated in croquets. One of the most common ingredients of dry food are cereals—vectors of harmful mycotoxins posing the risk to pet health. In this study, 38 cat and dog dry food samples available on the Po...

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Autores principales: Witaszak, Natalia, Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka, Bocianowski, Jan, Stępień, Łukasz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32093088
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020130
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author Witaszak, Natalia
Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka
Bocianowski, Jan
Stępień, Łukasz
author_facet Witaszak, Natalia
Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka
Bocianowski, Jan
Stępień, Łukasz
author_sort Witaszak, Natalia
collection PubMed
description A wide range of pet food types are available on the market; the dominant type is dry food formulated in croquets. One of the most common ingredients of dry food are cereals—vectors of harmful mycotoxins posing the risk to pet health. In this study, 38 cat and dog dry food samples available on the Polish market were investigated. Morphological and molecular methods were applied to identify fungal genera present in pet food. Quantification of ergosterol and Fusarium mycotoxins: Fumonisin B(1), deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Obtained results indicated five genera of mycotoxigenic fungi: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp., including Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum. Ergosterol and mycotoxins of interest were detected in both cat and dog food samples in the amounts ranging from 0.31 to 4.05 µg/g for ergosterol and 0.3–30.3, 1.2–618.4, 29.6–299.0, and 12.3–53.0 ng/g for zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and fumonisin B(1), respectively. The conclusion is the presence of mycotoxins in levels much lower than recommended by EU regulations does not eliminate the risk and caution is advised concerning that long-term daily intake of even small doses of mycotoxins can slowly damage pet’s health.
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spelling pubmed-70768492020-03-20 Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats Witaszak, Natalia Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka Bocianowski, Jan Stępień, Łukasz Toxins (Basel) Article A wide range of pet food types are available on the market; the dominant type is dry food formulated in croquets. One of the most common ingredients of dry food are cereals—vectors of harmful mycotoxins posing the risk to pet health. In this study, 38 cat and dog dry food samples available on the Polish market were investigated. Morphological and molecular methods were applied to identify fungal genera present in pet food. Quantification of ergosterol and Fusarium mycotoxins: Fumonisin B(1), deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Obtained results indicated five genera of mycotoxigenic fungi: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp., including Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum. Ergosterol and mycotoxins of interest were detected in both cat and dog food samples in the amounts ranging from 0.31 to 4.05 µg/g for ergosterol and 0.3–30.3, 1.2–618.4, 29.6–299.0, and 12.3–53.0 ng/g for zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and fumonisin B(1), respectively. The conclusion is the presence of mycotoxins in levels much lower than recommended by EU regulations does not eliminate the risk and caution is advised concerning that long-term daily intake of even small doses of mycotoxins can slowly damage pet’s health. MDPI 2020-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7076849/ /pubmed/32093088 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020130 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Witaszak, Natalia
Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka
Bocianowski, Jan
Stępień, Łukasz
Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats
title Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats
title_full Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats
title_fullStr Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats
title_full_unstemmed Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats
title_short Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats
title_sort contamination of pet food with mycobiota and fusarium mycotoxins—focus on dogs and cats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32093088
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020130
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