Cargando…

Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae

Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion i...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Azarm, Kristopher D., Lee, Benhur
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7077268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019182
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020161
_version_ 1783507394136899584
author Azarm, Kristopher D.
Lee, Benhur
author_facet Azarm, Kristopher D.
Lee, Benhur
author_sort Azarm, Kristopher D.
collection PubMed
description Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion is in the vicinity of a target cell membrane. Here, we review recent structural and mechanistic studies to delineate the entry features that are shared and distinct amongst the Paramyxoviridae. In general, we observe overarching distinctions between the protein-using RBPs and the sialic acid- (SA-) using RBPs, including how their stalk domains differentially trigger F. Moreover, through sequence comparisons, we identify greater structural and functional conservation amongst the PMV fusion proteins, as compared to the RBPs. When examining the relative contributions to sequence conservation of the globular head versus stalk domains of the RBP, we observe that, for the protein-using PMVs, the stalk domains exhibit higher conservation and find the opposite trend is true for SA-using PMVs. A better understanding of conserved and distinct features that govern the entry of protein-using versus SA-using PMVs will inform the rational design of broader spectrum therapeutics that impede this process.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7077268
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-70772682020-03-20 Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae Azarm, Kristopher D. Lee, Benhur Viruses Review Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion is in the vicinity of a target cell membrane. Here, we review recent structural and mechanistic studies to delineate the entry features that are shared and distinct amongst the Paramyxoviridae. In general, we observe overarching distinctions between the protein-using RBPs and the sialic acid- (SA-) using RBPs, including how their stalk domains differentially trigger F. Moreover, through sequence comparisons, we identify greater structural and functional conservation amongst the PMV fusion proteins, as compared to the RBPs. When examining the relative contributions to sequence conservation of the globular head versus stalk domains of the RBP, we observe that, for the protein-using PMVs, the stalk domains exhibit higher conservation and find the opposite trend is true for SA-using PMVs. A better understanding of conserved and distinct features that govern the entry of protein-using versus SA-using PMVs will inform the rational design of broader spectrum therapeutics that impede this process. MDPI 2020-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7077268/ /pubmed/32019182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020161 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Azarm, Kristopher D.
Lee, Benhur
Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
title Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
title_full Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
title_fullStr Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
title_full_unstemmed Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
title_short Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
title_sort differential features of fusion activation within the paramyxoviridae
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7077268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019182
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020161
work_keys_str_mv AT azarmkristopherd differentialfeaturesoffusionactivationwithintheparamyxoviridae
AT leebenhur differentialfeaturesoffusionactivationwithintheparamyxoviridae