Cargando…
Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion i...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7077268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020161 |
_version_ | 1783507394136899584 |
---|---|
author | Azarm, Kristopher D. Lee, Benhur |
author_facet | Azarm, Kristopher D. Lee, Benhur |
author_sort | Azarm, Kristopher D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion is in the vicinity of a target cell membrane. Here, we review recent structural and mechanistic studies to delineate the entry features that are shared and distinct amongst the Paramyxoviridae. In general, we observe overarching distinctions between the protein-using RBPs and the sialic acid- (SA-) using RBPs, including how their stalk domains differentially trigger F. Moreover, through sequence comparisons, we identify greater structural and functional conservation amongst the PMV fusion proteins, as compared to the RBPs. When examining the relative contributions to sequence conservation of the globular head versus stalk domains of the RBP, we observe that, for the protein-using PMVs, the stalk domains exhibit higher conservation and find the opposite trend is true for SA-using PMVs. A better understanding of conserved and distinct features that govern the entry of protein-using versus SA-using PMVs will inform the rational design of broader spectrum therapeutics that impede this process. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7077268 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70772682020-03-20 Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae Azarm, Kristopher D. Lee, Benhur Viruses Review Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion is in the vicinity of a target cell membrane. Here, we review recent structural and mechanistic studies to delineate the entry features that are shared and distinct amongst the Paramyxoviridae. In general, we observe overarching distinctions between the protein-using RBPs and the sialic acid- (SA-) using RBPs, including how their stalk domains differentially trigger F. Moreover, through sequence comparisons, we identify greater structural and functional conservation amongst the PMV fusion proteins, as compared to the RBPs. When examining the relative contributions to sequence conservation of the globular head versus stalk domains of the RBP, we observe that, for the protein-using PMVs, the stalk domains exhibit higher conservation and find the opposite trend is true for SA-using PMVs. A better understanding of conserved and distinct features that govern the entry of protein-using versus SA-using PMVs will inform the rational design of broader spectrum therapeutics that impede this process. MDPI 2020-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7077268/ /pubmed/32019182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020161 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Azarm, Kristopher D. Lee, Benhur Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae |
title | Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae |
title_full | Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae |
title_fullStr | Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae |
title_full_unstemmed | Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae |
title_short | Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae |
title_sort | differential features of fusion activation within the paramyxoviridae |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7077268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020161 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT azarmkristopherd differentialfeaturesoffusionactivationwithintheparamyxoviridae AT leebenhur differentialfeaturesoffusionactivationwithintheparamyxoviridae |