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Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014

BACKGROUND: In 2008, 78% of Ghanaian children under 5 years old were anemic versus 48% of children globally. In this study, we identified proximal and distal determinants of severe–moderate anemia and mild anemia related to socioeconomic status, nutrition, and health access. METHODS: Using data from...

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Autores principales: Shenton, Luke M., Jones, Andrew D., Wilson, Mark L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7078144/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32030533
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-019-02865-7
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author Shenton, Luke M.
Jones, Andrew D.
Wilson, Mark L.
author_facet Shenton, Luke M.
Jones, Andrew D.
Wilson, Mark L.
author_sort Shenton, Luke M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In 2008, 78% of Ghanaian children under 5 years old were anemic versus 48% of children globally. In this study, we identified proximal and distal determinants of severe–moderate anemia and mild anemia related to socioeconomic status, nutrition, and health access. METHODS: Using data from the 2003, 2008, and 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS), the odds of severe–moderate anemia and mild anemia compared to no anemia, in relation to various hypothesized risk factors, were assessed using a multivariable, multinomial logistic regression, which accounted for survey design. RESULTS: From among 7739 households sampled, severe–moderate anemia was found in approximately 52%, 56%, and 40% of children during 2003, 2008, and 2014, respectively. The proportion of children diagnosed as not anemic was 26% in 2003, 22% in 2008, and 33% in 2014. There are large disparities in anemia prevalence among regions and between urban and rural areas. In 2014, children who were younger (aged 6–24 months), had a recent fever, were from poorer families, and whose mothers were less educated had greater odds of being severely–moderately anemic. These results remained significant when controlling for other risk factors. Predictors of anemia in Ghana remained relatively consistent among the three time periods when the GDHS was administered. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of anemia in Ghana among children aged 6–59 months has remained unacceptably high. To reduce anemia in these children, the Ghanaian government should concentrate on educating women through both the traditional school system and antenatal care visits.
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spelling pubmed-70781442020-03-23 Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014 Shenton, Luke M. Jones, Andrew D. Wilson, Mark L. Matern Child Health J Article BACKGROUND: In 2008, 78% of Ghanaian children under 5 years old were anemic versus 48% of children globally. In this study, we identified proximal and distal determinants of severe–moderate anemia and mild anemia related to socioeconomic status, nutrition, and health access. METHODS: Using data from the 2003, 2008, and 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS), the odds of severe–moderate anemia and mild anemia compared to no anemia, in relation to various hypothesized risk factors, were assessed using a multivariable, multinomial logistic regression, which accounted for survey design. RESULTS: From among 7739 households sampled, severe–moderate anemia was found in approximately 52%, 56%, and 40% of children during 2003, 2008, and 2014, respectively. The proportion of children diagnosed as not anemic was 26% in 2003, 22% in 2008, and 33% in 2014. There are large disparities in anemia prevalence among regions and between urban and rural areas. In 2014, children who were younger (aged 6–24 months), had a recent fever, were from poorer families, and whose mothers were less educated had greater odds of being severely–moderately anemic. These results remained significant when controlling for other risk factors. Predictors of anemia in Ghana remained relatively consistent among the three time periods when the GDHS was administered. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of anemia in Ghana among children aged 6–59 months has remained unacceptably high. To reduce anemia in these children, the Ghanaian government should concentrate on educating women through both the traditional school system and antenatal care visits. Springer US 2020-02-06 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7078144/ /pubmed/32030533 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-019-02865-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Shenton, Luke M.
Jones, Andrew D.
Wilson, Mark L.
Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014
title Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014
title_full Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014
title_fullStr Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014
title_full_unstemmed Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014
title_short Factors Associated with Anemia Status Among Children Aged 6–59 months in Ghana, 2003–2014
title_sort factors associated with anemia status among children aged 6–59 months in ghana, 2003–2014
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7078144/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32030533
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-019-02865-7
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