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Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming
Warming occurs in the Arctic twice as fast as the global average, which in turn leads to a large enhancement in terpenoid emissions from vegetation. Volatile terpenoids are the main class of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play crucial roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. Howe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7078956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31957145 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14935 |
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author | Ghirardo, Andrea Lindstein, Frida Koch, Kerstin Buegger, Franz Schloter, Michael Albert, Andreas Michelsen, Anders Winkler, J. Barbro Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter Rinnan, Riikka |
author_facet | Ghirardo, Andrea Lindstein, Frida Koch, Kerstin Buegger, Franz Schloter, Michael Albert, Andreas Michelsen, Anders Winkler, J. Barbro Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter Rinnan, Riikka |
author_sort | Ghirardo, Andrea |
collection | PubMed |
description | Warming occurs in the Arctic twice as fast as the global average, which in turn leads to a large enhancement in terpenoid emissions from vegetation. Volatile terpenoids are the main class of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play crucial roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. However, the biochemical mechanisms behind the temperature‐dependent increase in VOC emissions from subarctic ecosystems are largely unexplored. Using (13)CO(2)‐labeling, we studied the origin of VOCs and the carbon (C) allocation under global warming in the soil–plant–atmosphere system of contrasting subarctic heath tundra vegetation communities characterized by dwarf shrubs of the genera Salix or Betula. The projected temperature rise of the subarctic summer by 5°C was realistically simulated in sophisticated climate chambers. VOC emissions strongly depended on the plant species composition of the heath tundra. Warming caused increased VOC emissions and significant changes in the pattern of volatiles toward more reactive hydrocarbons. The (13)C was incorporated to varying degrees in different monoterpene and sesquiterpene isomers. We found that de novo monoterpene biosynthesis contributed to 40%–44% (Salix) and 60%–68% (Betula) of total monoterpene emissions under the current climate, and that warming increased the contribution to 50%–58% (Salix) and 87%–95% (Betula). Analyses of above‐ and belowground (12/13)C showed shifts of C allocation in the plant–soil systems and negative effects of warming on C sequestration by lowering net ecosystem exchange of CO(2) and increasing C loss as VOCs. This comprehensive analysis provides the scientific basis for mechanistically understanding the processes controlling terpenoid emissions, required for modeling VOC emissions from terrestrial ecosystems and predicting the future chemistry of the arctic atmosphere. By changing the chemical composition and loads of VOCs into the atmosphere, the current data indicate that global warming in the Arctic may have implications for regional and global climate and for the delicate tundra ecosystems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7078956 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70789562020-03-19 Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming Ghirardo, Andrea Lindstein, Frida Koch, Kerstin Buegger, Franz Schloter, Michael Albert, Andreas Michelsen, Anders Winkler, J. Barbro Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter Rinnan, Riikka Glob Chang Biol Primary Research Articles Warming occurs in the Arctic twice as fast as the global average, which in turn leads to a large enhancement in terpenoid emissions from vegetation. Volatile terpenoids are the main class of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play crucial roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. However, the biochemical mechanisms behind the temperature‐dependent increase in VOC emissions from subarctic ecosystems are largely unexplored. Using (13)CO(2)‐labeling, we studied the origin of VOCs and the carbon (C) allocation under global warming in the soil–plant–atmosphere system of contrasting subarctic heath tundra vegetation communities characterized by dwarf shrubs of the genera Salix or Betula. The projected temperature rise of the subarctic summer by 5°C was realistically simulated in sophisticated climate chambers. VOC emissions strongly depended on the plant species composition of the heath tundra. Warming caused increased VOC emissions and significant changes in the pattern of volatiles toward more reactive hydrocarbons. The (13)C was incorporated to varying degrees in different monoterpene and sesquiterpene isomers. We found that de novo monoterpene biosynthesis contributed to 40%–44% (Salix) and 60%–68% (Betula) of total monoterpene emissions under the current climate, and that warming increased the contribution to 50%–58% (Salix) and 87%–95% (Betula). Analyses of above‐ and belowground (12/13)C showed shifts of C allocation in the plant–soil systems and negative effects of warming on C sequestration by lowering net ecosystem exchange of CO(2) and increasing C loss as VOCs. This comprehensive analysis provides the scientific basis for mechanistically understanding the processes controlling terpenoid emissions, required for modeling VOC emissions from terrestrial ecosystems and predicting the future chemistry of the arctic atmosphere. By changing the chemical composition and loads of VOCs into the atmosphere, the current data indicate that global warming in the Arctic may have implications for regional and global climate and for the delicate tundra ecosystems. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-01-20 2020-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7078956/ /pubmed/31957145 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14935 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Primary Research Articles Ghirardo, Andrea Lindstein, Frida Koch, Kerstin Buegger, Franz Schloter, Michael Albert, Andreas Michelsen, Anders Winkler, J. Barbro Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter Rinnan, Riikka Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
title | Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
title_full | Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
title_fullStr | Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
title_full_unstemmed | Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
title_short | Origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
title_sort | origin of volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under global warming |
topic | Primary Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7078956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31957145 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14935 |
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