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Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids

Nutritional epidemiology shows that insufficient protein intake is related to senile dementia. The levels of protein intake in aged people are positively associated with memory function, and elderly people with high protein intake have a low risk of mild cognitive impairment. Although the beneficial...

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Autores principales: Sato, Hideaki, Tsukamoto-Yasui, Masako, Takado, Yuhei, Kawasaki, Noriko, Matsunaga, Keiko, Ueno, Satoko, Kanda, Mayuka, Nishimura, Mai, Karakawa, Sachise, Isokawa, Muneki, Suzuki, Katsuya, Nagao, Kenji, Higuchi, Makoto, Kitamura, Akihiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079559/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32219097
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00023
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author Sato, Hideaki
Tsukamoto-Yasui, Masako
Takado, Yuhei
Kawasaki, Noriko
Matsunaga, Keiko
Ueno, Satoko
Kanda, Mayuka
Nishimura, Mai
Karakawa, Sachise
Isokawa, Muneki
Suzuki, Katsuya
Nagao, Kenji
Higuchi, Makoto
Kitamura, Akihiko
author_facet Sato, Hideaki
Tsukamoto-Yasui, Masako
Takado, Yuhei
Kawasaki, Noriko
Matsunaga, Keiko
Ueno, Satoko
Kanda, Mayuka
Nishimura, Mai
Karakawa, Sachise
Isokawa, Muneki
Suzuki, Katsuya
Nagao, Kenji
Higuchi, Makoto
Kitamura, Akihiko
author_sort Sato, Hideaki
collection PubMed
description Nutritional epidemiology shows that insufficient protein intake is related to senile dementia. The levels of protein intake in aged people are positively associated with memory function, and elderly people with high protein intake have a low risk of mild cognitive impairment. Although the beneficial roles of protein nutrition in maintaining brain function in aged people are well demonstrated, little is known about the mechanism by which dietary intake of protein affects memory and brain conditions. We fed aged mice a low protein diet (LPD) for 2 months, which caused behavioral abnormalities, and examined the nutritional effect of essential amino acid administration under LPD conditions. The passive avoidance test revealed that LPD mice demonstrated learning and memory impairment. Similarly, the LPD mice showed agitation and hyperactive behavior in the elevated plus maze test. Moreover, LPD mice exhibited decreased concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glycine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin and aspartate in the brain. Interestingly, oral administration of seven essential amino acids (EAAs; valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, phenylalanine, histidine, and tryptophan) to LPD mice, which can be a source of neurotransmitters, reversed those behavioral changes. The oral administration of EAAs restored the brain concentration of glutamate, which is involved in learning and memory ability and may be associated with the observed behavioral changes. Although the details of the link between decreased amino acid and neurotransmitter concentrations and behavioral abnormalities must be examined in future studies, these findings suggest the importance of dietary protein and essential amino acids for maintaining brain function.
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spelling pubmed-70795592020-03-26 Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids Sato, Hideaki Tsukamoto-Yasui, Masako Takado, Yuhei Kawasaki, Noriko Matsunaga, Keiko Ueno, Satoko Kanda, Mayuka Nishimura, Mai Karakawa, Sachise Isokawa, Muneki Suzuki, Katsuya Nagao, Kenji Higuchi, Makoto Kitamura, Akihiko Front Nutr Nutrition Nutritional epidemiology shows that insufficient protein intake is related to senile dementia. The levels of protein intake in aged people are positively associated with memory function, and elderly people with high protein intake have a low risk of mild cognitive impairment. Although the beneficial roles of protein nutrition in maintaining brain function in aged people are well demonstrated, little is known about the mechanism by which dietary intake of protein affects memory and brain conditions. We fed aged mice a low protein diet (LPD) for 2 months, which caused behavioral abnormalities, and examined the nutritional effect of essential amino acid administration under LPD conditions. The passive avoidance test revealed that LPD mice demonstrated learning and memory impairment. Similarly, the LPD mice showed agitation and hyperactive behavior in the elevated plus maze test. Moreover, LPD mice exhibited decreased concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glycine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin and aspartate in the brain. Interestingly, oral administration of seven essential amino acids (EAAs; valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, phenylalanine, histidine, and tryptophan) to LPD mice, which can be a source of neurotransmitters, reversed those behavioral changes. The oral administration of EAAs restored the brain concentration of glutamate, which is involved in learning and memory ability and may be associated with the observed behavioral changes. Although the details of the link between decreased amino acid and neurotransmitter concentrations and behavioral abnormalities must be examined in future studies, these findings suggest the importance of dietary protein and essential amino acids for maintaining brain function. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7079559/ /pubmed/32219097 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00023 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sato, Tsukamoto-Yasui, Takado, Kawasaki, Matsunaga, Ueno, Kanda, Nishimura, Karakawa, Isokawa, Suzuki, Nagao, Higuchi and Kitamura. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Sato, Hideaki
Tsukamoto-Yasui, Masako
Takado, Yuhei
Kawasaki, Noriko
Matsunaga, Keiko
Ueno, Satoko
Kanda, Mayuka
Nishimura, Mai
Karakawa, Sachise
Isokawa, Muneki
Suzuki, Katsuya
Nagao, Kenji
Higuchi, Makoto
Kitamura, Akihiko
Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids
title Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids
title_full Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids
title_fullStr Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids
title_full_unstemmed Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids
title_short Protein Deficiency-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neurotransmitter Loss in Aged Mice Are Ameliorated by Essential Amino Acids
title_sort protein deficiency-induced behavioral abnormalities and neurotransmitter loss in aged mice are ameliorated by essential amino acids
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079559/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32219097
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00023
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