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Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices

Blood-contacting medical devices of different biomaterials are often used to treat various cardiovascular diseases. Thrombus formation is a common cause of failure of cardiovascular devices. Currently, there are no clinically available biomaterials that can totally inhibit thrombosis under the more...

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Autores principales: Labarrere, Carlos A., Dabiri, Ali E., Kassab, Ghassan S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32226783
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00123
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author Labarrere, Carlos A.
Dabiri, Ali E.
Kassab, Ghassan S.
author_facet Labarrere, Carlos A.
Dabiri, Ali E.
Kassab, Ghassan S.
author_sort Labarrere, Carlos A.
collection PubMed
description Blood-contacting medical devices of different biomaterials are often used to treat various cardiovascular diseases. Thrombus formation is a common cause of failure of cardiovascular devices. Currently, there are no clinically available biomaterials that can totally inhibit thrombosis under the more challenging environments (e.g., low flow in the venous system). Although some biomaterials reduce protein adsorption or cell adhesion, the issue of biomaterial associated with thrombosis and inflammation still exists. To better understand how to develop more thrombosis-resistant medical devices, it is essential to understand the biology and mechano-transduction of thrombus nucleation and progression. In this review, we will compare the mechanisms of thrombus development and progression in the arterial and venous systems. We will address various aspects of thrombosis, starting with biology of thrombosis, mathematical modeling to integrate the mechanism of thrombosis, and thrombus formation on medical devices. Prevention of these problems requires a multifaceted approach that involves more effective and safer thrombolytic agents but more importantly the development of novel thrombosis-resistant biomaterials mimicking the biological characteristics of the endothelium and extracellular matrix tissues that also ameliorate the development and the progression of chronic inflammation as part of the processes associated with the detrimental generation of late thrombosis and neo-atherosclerosis. Until such developments occur, engineers and clinicians must work together to develop devices that require minimal anticoagulants and thrombolytics to mitigate thrombosis and inflammation without causing serious bleeding side effects.
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spelling pubmed-70806542020-03-27 Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices Labarrere, Carlos A. Dabiri, Ali E. Kassab, Ghassan S. Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Blood-contacting medical devices of different biomaterials are often used to treat various cardiovascular diseases. Thrombus formation is a common cause of failure of cardiovascular devices. Currently, there are no clinically available biomaterials that can totally inhibit thrombosis under the more challenging environments (e.g., low flow in the venous system). Although some biomaterials reduce protein adsorption or cell adhesion, the issue of biomaterial associated with thrombosis and inflammation still exists. To better understand how to develop more thrombosis-resistant medical devices, it is essential to understand the biology and mechano-transduction of thrombus nucleation and progression. In this review, we will compare the mechanisms of thrombus development and progression in the arterial and venous systems. We will address various aspects of thrombosis, starting with biology of thrombosis, mathematical modeling to integrate the mechanism of thrombosis, and thrombus formation on medical devices. Prevention of these problems requires a multifaceted approach that involves more effective and safer thrombolytic agents but more importantly the development of novel thrombosis-resistant biomaterials mimicking the biological characteristics of the endothelium and extracellular matrix tissues that also ameliorate the development and the progression of chronic inflammation as part of the processes associated with the detrimental generation of late thrombosis and neo-atherosclerosis. Until such developments occur, engineers and clinicians must work together to develop devices that require minimal anticoagulants and thrombolytics to mitigate thrombosis and inflammation without causing serious bleeding side effects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7080654/ /pubmed/32226783 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00123 Text en Copyright © 2020 Labarrere, Dabiri and Kassab. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Labarrere, Carlos A.
Dabiri, Ali E.
Kassab, Ghassan S.
Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices
title Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices
title_full Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices
title_fullStr Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices
title_full_unstemmed Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices
title_short Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices
title_sort thrombogenic and inflammatory reactions to biomaterials in medical devices
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32226783
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00123
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