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Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department

INTRODUCTION: Urban emergency departments (ED) provide care to populations with multiple health-related and overlapping risk factors, many of which are associated with intimate partner violence (IPV). We examine the 12-month rate of physical IPV and its association with multiple joint risk factors i...

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Autores principales: Caetano, Raul, Cunradi, Carol B., Alter, Harrison J., Mair, Christina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7081874/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32191185
http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2019.10.44190
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author Caetano, Raul
Cunradi, Carol B.
Alter, Harrison J.
Mair, Christina
author_facet Caetano, Raul
Cunradi, Carol B.
Alter, Harrison J.
Mair, Christina
author_sort Caetano, Raul
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Urban emergency departments (ED) provide care to populations with multiple health-related and overlapping risk factors, many of which are associated with intimate partner violence (IPV). We examine the 12-month rate of physical IPV and its association with multiple joint risk factors in an urban ED. METHODS: Research assistants surveyed patients regarding IPV exposure, associated risk factors, and other sociodemographic features. The joint occurrence of seven risk factors was measured by a variable scored 0–7 with the following risk factors: depression; adverse childhood experiences; drug use; impulsivity; post-traumatic stress disorder; at-risk drinking; and partner’s score on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The survey (N = 1037) achieved an 87.5% participation rate. RESULTS: About 23% of the sample reported an IPV event in the prior 12 months. Logistic regression showed that IPV risk increased in a stepwise fashion with the number of present risk factors, as follows: one risk factor (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] [3.09]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47–6.50; p<.01); two risk factors (AOR [6.26]; 95% CI, 3.04–12.87; p<.01); three risk factors (AOR = 9.44; 95% CI, 4.44–20.08; p<.001); four to seven risk factors (AOR [18.62]; 95% CI, 9.00–38.52; p<001). Ordered logistic regression showed that IPV severity increased in a similar way, as follows: one risk factor (AOR [3.17]; 95% CI, 1.39–7.20; p<.01); two risk factors (AOR [6.73]; 95% CI, 3.04–14.90; p<.001); three risk factors (AOR [10.36]; 95%CI, 4.52–23.76; p<.001); four to seven risk factors (AOR [20.61]; 95% CI, 9.11–46.64; p<001). CONCLUSION: Among patients in an urban ED, IPV likelihood and IPV severity increase with the number of reported risk factors. The best approach to identify IPV and avoid false negatives is, therefore, multi-risk assessment.
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spelling pubmed-70818742020-03-24 Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department Caetano, Raul Cunradi, Carol B. Alter, Harrison J. Mair, Christina West J Emerg Med Violence Assessment and Prevention INTRODUCTION: Urban emergency departments (ED) provide care to populations with multiple health-related and overlapping risk factors, many of which are associated with intimate partner violence (IPV). We examine the 12-month rate of physical IPV and its association with multiple joint risk factors in an urban ED. METHODS: Research assistants surveyed patients regarding IPV exposure, associated risk factors, and other sociodemographic features. The joint occurrence of seven risk factors was measured by a variable scored 0–7 with the following risk factors: depression; adverse childhood experiences; drug use; impulsivity; post-traumatic stress disorder; at-risk drinking; and partner’s score on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The survey (N = 1037) achieved an 87.5% participation rate. RESULTS: About 23% of the sample reported an IPV event in the prior 12 months. Logistic regression showed that IPV risk increased in a stepwise fashion with the number of present risk factors, as follows: one risk factor (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] [3.09]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47–6.50; p<.01); two risk factors (AOR [6.26]; 95% CI, 3.04–12.87; p<.01); three risk factors (AOR = 9.44; 95% CI, 4.44–20.08; p<.001); four to seven risk factors (AOR [18.62]; 95% CI, 9.00–38.52; p<001). Ordered logistic regression showed that IPV severity increased in a similar way, as follows: one risk factor (AOR [3.17]; 95% CI, 1.39–7.20; p<.01); two risk factors (AOR [6.73]; 95% CI, 3.04–14.90; p<.001); three risk factors (AOR [10.36]; 95%CI, 4.52–23.76; p<.001); four to seven risk factors (AOR [20.61]; 95% CI, 9.11–46.64; p<001). CONCLUSION: Among patients in an urban ED, IPV likelihood and IPV severity increase with the number of reported risk factors. The best approach to identify IPV and avoid false negatives is, therefore, multi-risk assessment. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine 2020-03 2020-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7081874/ /pubmed/32191185 http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2019.10.44190 Text en Copyright: © 2020 Caetano et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Violence Assessment and Prevention
Caetano, Raul
Cunradi, Carol B.
Alter, Harrison J.
Mair, Christina
Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department
title Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department
title_full Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department
title_fullStr Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department
title_full_unstemmed Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department
title_short Co-Occurrence of Multiple Risk Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban Emergency Department
title_sort co-occurrence of multiple risk factors and intimate partner violence in an urban emergency department
topic Violence Assessment and Prevention
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7081874/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32191185
http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2019.10.44190
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