Cargando…

TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections

Spätzle family proteins activate the Toll pathway and induce antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production against microbial infections. However, the functional importance of Tmspätzle4 (TmSpz4) in the immune response of Tenebrio molitor has not been reported. Therefore, here, we have identified and functi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye, Jo, Yong Hun, Keshavarz, Maryam, Bae, Young Min, Kim, Dong Hyun, Lee, Yong Seok, Han, Yeon Soo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7084639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32182940
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051878
_version_ 1783508768443596800
author Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye
Jo, Yong Hun
Keshavarz, Maryam
Bae, Young Min
Kim, Dong Hyun
Lee, Yong Seok
Han, Yeon Soo
author_facet Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye
Jo, Yong Hun
Keshavarz, Maryam
Bae, Young Min
Kim, Dong Hyun
Lee, Yong Seok
Han, Yeon Soo
author_sort Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye
collection PubMed
description Spätzle family proteins activate the Toll pathway and induce antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production against microbial infections. However, the functional importance of Tmspätzle4 (TmSpz4) in the immune response of Tenebrio molitor has not been reported. Therefore, here, we have identified and functionally characterized the role of TmSpz4 against bacterial and fungal infections. We showed that TmSpz4 expression was significantly induced in hemocytes at 6 h post-injection with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. TmSpz4 knock-down significantly reduced larval survival against E. coli and C. albicans. To understand the reason for the survivability difference, the role of TmSpz4 in AMP production was examined in TmSpz4-silenced larvae following microbe injection. The AMPs that are active against Gram-negative bacteria, including TmTenecin-2, TmTenecin-4, TmAttacin-1a, TmDefensin-2, and TmCecropin-2, were significantly downregulated in response to E. coli in TmSpz4-silenced larvae. Similarly, the expression of TmTenecin-1, TmTenecin-3, TmThaumatin-like protein-1 and -2, TmDefensin-1, TmDefensin-2, and TmCecropin-2 were downregulated in response to C. albicans in TmSpz4-silenced larvae. In addition, the transcription factor NF-κB (TmDorX1 and TmDorX2) expression was significantly suppression in TmSpz4-silenced larvae. In conclusion, these results suggest that TmSpz4 plays a key role in regulating immune responses of T. molitor against to E. coli and C. albicans.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7084639
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-70846392020-03-24 TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye Jo, Yong Hun Keshavarz, Maryam Bae, Young Min Kim, Dong Hyun Lee, Yong Seok Han, Yeon Soo Int J Mol Sci Article Spätzle family proteins activate the Toll pathway and induce antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production against microbial infections. However, the functional importance of Tmspätzle4 (TmSpz4) in the immune response of Tenebrio molitor has not been reported. Therefore, here, we have identified and functionally characterized the role of TmSpz4 against bacterial and fungal infections. We showed that TmSpz4 expression was significantly induced in hemocytes at 6 h post-injection with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. TmSpz4 knock-down significantly reduced larval survival against E. coli and C. albicans. To understand the reason for the survivability difference, the role of TmSpz4 in AMP production was examined in TmSpz4-silenced larvae following microbe injection. The AMPs that are active against Gram-negative bacteria, including TmTenecin-2, TmTenecin-4, TmAttacin-1a, TmDefensin-2, and TmCecropin-2, were significantly downregulated in response to E. coli in TmSpz4-silenced larvae. Similarly, the expression of TmTenecin-1, TmTenecin-3, TmThaumatin-like protein-1 and -2, TmDefensin-1, TmDefensin-2, and TmCecropin-2 were downregulated in response to C. albicans in TmSpz4-silenced larvae. In addition, the transcription factor NF-κB (TmDorX1 and TmDorX2) expression was significantly suppression in TmSpz4-silenced larvae. In conclusion, these results suggest that TmSpz4 plays a key role in regulating immune responses of T. molitor against to E. coli and C. albicans. MDPI 2020-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7084639/ /pubmed/32182940 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051878 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye
Jo, Yong Hun
Keshavarz, Maryam
Bae, Young Min
Kim, Dong Hyun
Lee, Yong Seok
Han, Yeon Soo
TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections
title TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections
title_full TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections
title_fullStr TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections
title_full_unstemmed TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections
title_short TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections
title_sort tmspz4 plays an important role in regulating the production of antimicrobial peptides in response to escherichia coli and candida albicans infections
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7084639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32182940
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051878
work_keys_str_mv AT edosatarikutesfaye tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections
AT joyonghun tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections
AT keshavarzmaryam tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections
AT baeyoungmin tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections
AT kimdonghyun tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections
AT leeyongseok tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections
AT hanyeonsoo tmspz4playsanimportantroleinregulatingtheproductionofantimicrobialpeptidesinresponsetoescherichiacoliandcandidaalbicansinfections