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Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group
Thermal stability, salt tolerance, and solubility in normal and high salinity brine are the major requirements for any surfactant designed for oilfield applications because the surfactant stays in a non-ambient environment inside the reservoir for a long period of time. Herein, a series of new gemin...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085195/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32110878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051046 |
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author | Hussain, S. M. Shakil Mahboob, Ahmad Kamal, Muhammad Shahzad |
author_facet | Hussain, S. M. Shakil Mahboob, Ahmad Kamal, Muhammad Shahzad |
author_sort | Hussain, S. M. Shakil |
collection | PubMed |
description | Thermal stability, salt tolerance, and solubility in normal and high salinity brine are the major requirements for any surfactant designed for oilfield applications because the surfactant stays in a non-ambient environment inside the reservoir for a long period of time. Herein, a series of new gemini cationic surfactants (GSs) with varying spacer hydrophilicity were synthesized and elucidated using MALDI-ToF-MS, NMR (1H, 13C), as well as FTIR spectroscopy. GSs found to be soluble in normal as well as high salinity brine and aqueous stability tests revealed that GSs possess the ability to retain their structural integrity at high salinity and high temperature conditions because no suspension formation or precipitation was detected in the oven aged sample of GSs at 90 °C for 30 days. Thermal gravimetric analysis displayed a higher decomposition temperature than the real reservoir temperature and the GS with a secondary amine spacer exhibited high heat stability. The significant reduction in surface tension and critical micelle concentration was observed using 1 M NaCl solution in place of deionized water. The difference in surface tension and critical micelle concentration was insignificant when the 1 M NaCl solution was replaced with seawater. The synthesized surfactants can be utilized for oilfield applications in a challenging high temperature high salinity environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7085195 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70851952020-03-23 Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group Hussain, S. M. Shakil Mahboob, Ahmad Kamal, Muhammad Shahzad Materials (Basel) Article Thermal stability, salt tolerance, and solubility in normal and high salinity brine are the major requirements for any surfactant designed for oilfield applications because the surfactant stays in a non-ambient environment inside the reservoir for a long period of time. Herein, a series of new gemini cationic surfactants (GSs) with varying spacer hydrophilicity were synthesized and elucidated using MALDI-ToF-MS, NMR (1H, 13C), as well as FTIR spectroscopy. GSs found to be soluble in normal as well as high salinity brine and aqueous stability tests revealed that GSs possess the ability to retain their structural integrity at high salinity and high temperature conditions because no suspension formation or precipitation was detected in the oven aged sample of GSs at 90 °C for 30 days. Thermal gravimetric analysis displayed a higher decomposition temperature than the real reservoir temperature and the GS with a secondary amine spacer exhibited high heat stability. The significant reduction in surface tension and critical micelle concentration was observed using 1 M NaCl solution in place of deionized water. The difference in surface tension and critical micelle concentration was insignificant when the 1 M NaCl solution was replaced with seawater. The synthesized surfactants can be utilized for oilfield applications in a challenging high temperature high salinity environment. MDPI 2020-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7085195/ /pubmed/32110878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051046 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hussain, S. M. Shakil Mahboob, Ahmad Kamal, Muhammad Shahzad Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group |
title | Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group |
title_full | Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group |
title_fullStr | Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group |
title_full_unstemmed | Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group |
title_short | Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group |
title_sort | poly(oxyethylene)-amidoamine based gemini cationic surfactants for oilfield applications: effect of hydrophilicity of spacer group |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085195/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32110878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051046 |
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