Effects of different triglyceride-lowering therapies in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of various triglyceride (TG)-lowering therapies on hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGAP). A total of 132 patients with HTGAP were retrospectively divided into an insulin intensive therapy (IIT), a plasma exchange (PE) and a non-intensive insulin therapy (NIIT) group according to the TG-lowering therapies they had received. The clinical and biochemical data of the subjects were analyzed. The baseline data, including sex, age, TG, amylase, severe acute pancreatitis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). The 24-h TG clearance rate (χ(2)=7.74, P=0.021), onset to treatment time (χ(2)=14.50, P<0.001) and the time required to reach the target TG level (χ(2)=6.12, P=0.047) were different in these three groups, but no significant differences were observed between the IIT and NIIT groups (P>0.05). The incidence of therapy-associated complications in the PE group (30.23%) was higher than that in the IIT (2.17%) and NIIT (4.65%) groups. The difference in the incidence of therapy-associated complications was significant among the three groups (P<0.001), but no significant difference was present between the IIT and NIIT groups (P>0.05). In the PE group, the length of stay was increased compared with that in the IIT and NIIT groups (χ(2)=7.05, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the IIT and NIIT groups (P>0.05). The present study suggested that NIIT at presentation had a similar therapeutic efficacy to that of IIT to improve the prognosis of HTGAP, and NIIT and IIT were associated with fewer complications than PE treatment. NIIT may favorably perform in patients presenting early after symptom onset and may be considered for clinical application.