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Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease induced by a sustained state of chronic hyperglycemia that can lead to several complications targeting highly metabolic cells. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a multifactorial microvascular complication of DM, with high prevalence, which can ultimately le...

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Autores principales: Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl, Castellanos-González, José Alberto, Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia, Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso, López-Contreras, Ana Karen, Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza, Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán, Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel, Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7086452/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32256949
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3096470
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author Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl
Castellanos-González, José Alberto
Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia
Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso
López-Contreras, Ana Karen
Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza
Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán
Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel
Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel
author_facet Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl
Castellanos-González, José Alberto
Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia
Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso
López-Contreras, Ana Karen
Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza
Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán
Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel
Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel
author_sort Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl
collection PubMed
description Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease induced by a sustained state of chronic hyperglycemia that can lead to several complications targeting highly metabolic cells. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a multifactorial microvascular complication of DM, with high prevalence, which can ultimately lead to visual impairment. The genesis of DR involves a complex variety of pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, angiogenesis, lipid peroxidation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, each possessing potential therapeutic biomarkers. A specific treatment has yet to be developed for early stages of DR since no management is given other than glycemic control until the proliferative stage develops, offering a poor visual prognosis to the patient. In this narrative review article, we evaluate different dietary regimens, such as the Mediterranean diet, Dietary Pattern to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and their functional foods, and low-calorie diets (LCDs). Nutraceuticals have also been assessed in DR on account of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, which may have an important impact on the physiopathology of DR. These nutraceuticals have shown to lower reactive oxygen species (ROS), important inflammatory factors, cytokines, and endothelial damage biomarkers either as monotherapies or combined therapies or concomitantly with established diabetes management or nonconventional adjuvant drugs like topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
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spelling pubmed-70864522020-04-03 Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl Castellanos-González, José Alberto Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso López-Contreras, Ana Karen Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel Oxid Med Cell Longev Review Article Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease induced by a sustained state of chronic hyperglycemia that can lead to several complications targeting highly metabolic cells. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a multifactorial microvascular complication of DM, with high prevalence, which can ultimately lead to visual impairment. The genesis of DR involves a complex variety of pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, angiogenesis, lipid peroxidation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, each possessing potential therapeutic biomarkers. A specific treatment has yet to be developed for early stages of DR since no management is given other than glycemic control until the proliferative stage develops, offering a poor visual prognosis to the patient. In this narrative review article, we evaluate different dietary regimens, such as the Mediterranean diet, Dietary Pattern to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and their functional foods, and low-calorie diets (LCDs). Nutraceuticals have also been assessed in DR on account of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, which may have an important impact on the physiopathology of DR. These nutraceuticals have shown to lower reactive oxygen species (ROS), important inflammatory factors, cytokines, and endothelial damage biomarkers either as monotherapies or combined therapies or concomitantly with established diabetes management or nonconventional adjuvant drugs like topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Hindawi 2020-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7086452/ /pubmed/32256949 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3096470 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ricardo Raúl Robles-Rivera et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl
Castellanos-González, José Alberto
Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia
Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso
López-Contreras, Ana Karen
Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza
Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán
Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel
Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel
Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
title Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
title_full Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
title_fullStr Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
title_full_unstemmed Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
title_short Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
title_sort adjuvant therapies in diabetic retinopathy as an early approach to delay its progression: the importance of oxidative stress and inflammation
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7086452/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32256949
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3096470
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