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Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease induced by a sustained state of chronic hyperglycemia that can lead to several complications targeting highly metabolic cells. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a multifactorial microvascular complication of DM, with high prevalence, which can ultimately le...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7086452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32256949 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3096470 |
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author | Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl Castellanos-González, José Alberto Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso López-Contreras, Ana Karen Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel |
author_facet | Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl Castellanos-González, José Alberto Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso López-Contreras, Ana Karen Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel |
author_sort | Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease induced by a sustained state of chronic hyperglycemia that can lead to several complications targeting highly metabolic cells. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a multifactorial microvascular complication of DM, with high prevalence, which can ultimately lead to visual impairment. The genesis of DR involves a complex variety of pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, angiogenesis, lipid peroxidation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, each possessing potential therapeutic biomarkers. A specific treatment has yet to be developed for early stages of DR since no management is given other than glycemic control until the proliferative stage develops, offering a poor visual prognosis to the patient. In this narrative review article, we evaluate different dietary regimens, such as the Mediterranean diet, Dietary Pattern to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and their functional foods, and low-calorie diets (LCDs). Nutraceuticals have also been assessed in DR on account of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, which may have an important impact on the physiopathology of DR. These nutraceuticals have shown to lower reactive oxygen species (ROS), important inflammatory factors, cytokines, and endothelial damage biomarkers either as monotherapies or combined therapies or concomitantly with established diabetes management or nonconventional adjuvant drugs like topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7086452 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70864522020-04-03 Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl Castellanos-González, José Alberto Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso López-Contreras, Ana Karen Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel Oxid Med Cell Longev Review Article Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease induced by a sustained state of chronic hyperglycemia that can lead to several complications targeting highly metabolic cells. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a multifactorial microvascular complication of DM, with high prevalence, which can ultimately lead to visual impairment. The genesis of DR involves a complex variety of pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, angiogenesis, lipid peroxidation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, each possessing potential therapeutic biomarkers. A specific treatment has yet to be developed for early stages of DR since no management is given other than glycemic control until the proliferative stage develops, offering a poor visual prognosis to the patient. In this narrative review article, we evaluate different dietary regimens, such as the Mediterranean diet, Dietary Pattern to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and their functional foods, and low-calorie diets (LCDs). Nutraceuticals have also been assessed in DR on account of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, which may have an important impact on the physiopathology of DR. These nutraceuticals have shown to lower reactive oxygen species (ROS), important inflammatory factors, cytokines, and endothelial damage biomarkers either as monotherapies or combined therapies or concomitantly with established diabetes management or nonconventional adjuvant drugs like topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Hindawi 2020-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7086452/ /pubmed/32256949 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3096470 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ricardo Raúl Robles-Rivera et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Robles-Rivera, Ricardo Raúl Castellanos-González, José Alberto Olvera-Montaño, Cecilia Flores-Martin, Raúl Alonso López-Contreras, Ana Karen Arevalo-Simental, Diana Esperanza Cardona-Muñoz, Ernesto Germán Roman-Pintos, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Carrizalez, Adolfo Daniel Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation |
title | Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation |
title_full | Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation |
title_fullStr | Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation |
title_full_unstemmed | Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation |
title_short | Adjuvant Therapies in Diabetic Retinopathy as an Early Approach to Delay Its Progression: The Importance of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation |
title_sort | adjuvant therapies in diabetic retinopathy as an early approach to delay its progression: the importance of oxidative stress and inflammation |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7086452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32256949 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3096470 |
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