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Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function

Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a recently described homologue of the vasoactive peptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Like ACE, ACE2 is an integral (type I) membrane zinc metallopeptidase, which exists as an ectoenzyme. ACE2 is less widely distributed than ACE in the body, being...

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Autores principales: Warner, Fiona J., Guy, Jodie L., Lambert, Dan W., Hooper, Nigel M., Turner, Anthony J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Kluwer Academic Publishers 2003
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32214680
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442567
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author Warner, Fiona J.
Guy, Jodie L.
Lambert, Dan W.
Hooper, Nigel M.
Turner, Anthony J.
author_facet Warner, Fiona J.
Guy, Jodie L.
Lambert, Dan W.
Hooper, Nigel M.
Turner, Anthony J.
author_sort Warner, Fiona J.
collection PubMed
description Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a recently described homologue of the vasoactive peptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Like ACE, ACE2 is an integral (type I) membrane zinc metallopeptidase, which exists as an ectoenzyme. ACE2 is less widely distributed than ACE in the body, being expressed at highest concentrations in the heart, kidney and testis. ACE2 also differs from ACE in its substrate specificity, functioning exclusively as a carboxypeptidase rather than a peptidyl dipeptidase. A key role for ACE2 appears to be emerging in the conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin (1–7), allowing it to act as a counter-balance to the actions of ACE. ACE2 has been localised to the endothelial and epithelial cells of the heart and kidney where it may have a role at the cell surface in hydrolysing bioactive peptides such as angiotensin II present in the circulation. A role for ACE2 in the metabolism of other biologically active peptides also needs to be considered. ACE2 also serendipitously appears to act as a receptor for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. Studies usingace2 (−/−) mice, and other emerging studiesin vivo andin vitro, have revealed that ACE2 has important functions in cardiac regulation and diabetes. Together with its role as a SARS receptor, ACE2 is therefore likely to be an important therapeutic target in a diverse range of disease states.
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spelling pubmed-70878592020-03-23 Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function Warner, Fiona J. Guy, Jodie L. Lambert, Dan W. Hooper, Nigel M. Turner, Anthony J. Lett. Pept. Sci Article Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a recently described homologue of the vasoactive peptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Like ACE, ACE2 is an integral (type I) membrane zinc metallopeptidase, which exists as an ectoenzyme. ACE2 is less widely distributed than ACE in the body, being expressed at highest concentrations in the heart, kidney and testis. ACE2 also differs from ACE in its substrate specificity, functioning exclusively as a carboxypeptidase rather than a peptidyl dipeptidase. A key role for ACE2 appears to be emerging in the conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin (1–7), allowing it to act as a counter-balance to the actions of ACE. ACE2 has been localised to the endothelial and epithelial cells of the heart and kidney where it may have a role at the cell surface in hydrolysing bioactive peptides such as angiotensin II present in the circulation. A role for ACE2 in the metabolism of other biologically active peptides also needs to be considered. ACE2 also serendipitously appears to act as a receptor for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. Studies usingace2 (−/−) mice, and other emerging studiesin vivo andin vitro, have revealed that ACE2 has important functions in cardiac regulation and diabetes. Together with its role as a SARS receptor, ACE2 is therefore likely to be an important therapeutic target in a diverse range of disease states. Kluwer Academic Publishers 2003 /pmc/articles/PMC7087859/ /pubmed/32214680 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442567 Text en © Kluwer Academic Publishers 2004 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Article
Warner, Fiona J.
Guy, Jodie L.
Lambert, Dan W.
Hooper, Nigel M.
Turner, Anthony J.
Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
title Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
title_full Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
title_fullStr Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
title_full_unstemmed Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
title_short Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
title_sort angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ace2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32214680
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442567
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