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Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy

Cellular pathophysiology of sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains poorly characterised. Brain pathology in SAE, which is manifested by impaired perception, consciousness and cognition, results from multifactorial events, including high levels of systemic cytokines, microbial components and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shulyatnikova, Tatyana, Verkhratsky, Alexei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7089215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30778837
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-019-02743-2
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author Shulyatnikova, Tatyana
Verkhratsky, Alexei
author_facet Shulyatnikova, Tatyana
Verkhratsky, Alexei
author_sort Shulyatnikova, Tatyana
collection PubMed
description Cellular pathophysiology of sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains poorly characterised. Brain pathology in SAE, which is manifested by impaired perception, consciousness and cognition, results from multifactorial events, including high levels of systemic cytokines, microbial components and endotoxins, which all damage the brain barriers, instigate neuroinflammation and cause homeostatic failure. Astrocytes, being the principal homeostatic cells of the central nervous system contribute to the brain defence against infection. Forming multifunctional anatomical barriers, astroglial cells maintain brain-systemic interfaces and restrict the damage to the nervous tissue. Astrocytes detect, produce and integrate inflammatory signals between immune cells and cells of brain parenchyma, thus regulating brain immune response. In SAE astrocytes are present in both reactive and astrogliopathic states; balance between these states define evolution of pathology and neurological outcomes. In humans pathophysiology of SAE is complicated by frequent presence of comorbidities, as well as age-related remodelling of the brain tissue with senescence of astroglia; these confounding factors further impact upon SAE progression and neurological deficits.
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spelling pubmed-70892152020-03-23 Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy Shulyatnikova, Tatyana Verkhratsky, Alexei Neurochem Res Review Paper Cellular pathophysiology of sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains poorly characterised. Brain pathology in SAE, which is manifested by impaired perception, consciousness and cognition, results from multifactorial events, including high levels of systemic cytokines, microbial components and endotoxins, which all damage the brain barriers, instigate neuroinflammation and cause homeostatic failure. Astrocytes, being the principal homeostatic cells of the central nervous system contribute to the brain defence against infection. Forming multifunctional anatomical barriers, astroglial cells maintain brain-systemic interfaces and restrict the damage to the nervous tissue. Astrocytes detect, produce and integrate inflammatory signals between immune cells and cells of brain parenchyma, thus regulating brain immune response. In SAE astrocytes are present in both reactive and astrogliopathic states; balance between these states define evolution of pathology and neurological outcomes. In humans pathophysiology of SAE is complicated by frequent presence of comorbidities, as well as age-related remodelling of the brain tissue with senescence of astroglia; these confounding factors further impact upon SAE progression and neurological deficits. Springer US 2019-02-18 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7089215/ /pubmed/30778837 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-019-02743-2 Text en © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Review Paper
Shulyatnikova, Tatyana
Verkhratsky, Alexei
Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy
title Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy
title_full Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy
title_fullStr Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy
title_full_unstemmed Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy
title_short Astroglia in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy
title_sort astroglia in sepsis associated encephalopathy
topic Review Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7089215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30778837
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-019-02743-2
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