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Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities

Many popular activities are thought by the general public to improve cognitive function. Such expectations can influence how often people engage in these activities, as well as the scientific evaluation of their putative cognitive benefits, e.g., via placebo effects. Here, we gathered survey data ab...

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Autores principales: Ng, Nicole F., Schafer, Robert J., Simone, Christa M., Osman, Allen M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7092697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32256323
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00015
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author Ng, Nicole F.
Schafer, Robert J.
Simone, Christa M.
Osman, Allen M.
author_facet Ng, Nicole F.
Schafer, Robert J.
Simone, Christa M.
Osman, Allen M.
author_sort Ng, Nicole F.
collection PubMed
description Many popular activities are thought by the general public to improve cognitive function. Such expectations can influence how often people engage in these activities, as well as the scientific evaluation of their putative cognitive benefits, e.g., via placebo effects. Here, we gathered survey data about the public’s perceptions of nine different activities commonly thought to be cognitively stimulating, including “brain-training” games. Information was collected about the degree to which participants thought each activity was beneficial for improving cognitive function and how often they engaged in each activity. The patterns of correlation between ratings reveal details about the perception of cognitive benefits and its relation to engagement. They suggest that participants varied with respect to an overarching perception of the entire set of activities, which were perceived also as divided into three clusters. Frequency of engagement and perceived cognitive benefits were positively correlated across participants for each activity considered individually. But, when the activities were compared, the magnitude of their perceived benefits was not a good predictor of their frequency of engagement (and vice versa). Though small, there were systematic demographic differences. Women were more optimistic than men about cognitive benefits. Individual participants differed in the range of their ratings of benefit across activities, and these ranges were greater for younger than older participants, suggesting that perceptions of benefit are more differentiated among the young. Besides contributing to a better understanding of public expectations of cognitive benefits, the findings of this study are relevant to the critical evaluation of such benefits. Our survey can be viewed as providing an interface between expectations held by the general public and the design of studies examining the efficacy of cognitive training. The type of information it provides could be used in the selection of activities performed by an active control group, so that control activities match the treatment intervention as closely as possible with respect to such expectations.
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spelling pubmed-70926972020-03-31 Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities Ng, Nicole F. Schafer, Robert J. Simone, Christa M. Osman, Allen M. Front Hum Neurosci Human Neuroscience Many popular activities are thought by the general public to improve cognitive function. Such expectations can influence how often people engage in these activities, as well as the scientific evaluation of their putative cognitive benefits, e.g., via placebo effects. Here, we gathered survey data about the public’s perceptions of nine different activities commonly thought to be cognitively stimulating, including “brain-training” games. Information was collected about the degree to which participants thought each activity was beneficial for improving cognitive function and how often they engaged in each activity. The patterns of correlation between ratings reveal details about the perception of cognitive benefits and its relation to engagement. They suggest that participants varied with respect to an overarching perception of the entire set of activities, which were perceived also as divided into three clusters. Frequency of engagement and perceived cognitive benefits were positively correlated across participants for each activity considered individually. But, when the activities were compared, the magnitude of their perceived benefits was not a good predictor of their frequency of engagement (and vice versa). Though small, there were systematic demographic differences. Women were more optimistic than men about cognitive benefits. Individual participants differed in the range of their ratings of benefit across activities, and these ranges were greater for younger than older participants, suggesting that perceptions of benefit are more differentiated among the young. Besides contributing to a better understanding of public expectations of cognitive benefits, the findings of this study are relevant to the critical evaluation of such benefits. Our survey can be viewed as providing an interface between expectations held by the general public and the design of studies examining the efficacy of cognitive training. The type of information it provides could be used in the selection of activities performed by an active control group, so that control activities match the treatment intervention as closely as possible with respect to such expectations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7092697/ /pubmed/32256323 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00015 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ng, Schafer, Simone and Osman. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Human Neuroscience
Ng, Nicole F.
Schafer, Robert J.
Simone, Christa M.
Osman, Allen M.
Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities
title Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities
title_full Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities
title_fullStr Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities
title_full_unstemmed Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities
title_short Perceptions of Brain Training: Public Expectations of Cognitive Benefits From Popular Activities
title_sort perceptions of brain training: public expectations of cognitive benefits from popular activities
topic Human Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7092697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32256323
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00015
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