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Vaccines: past, present and future
The vaccines developed over the first two hundred years since Jenner's lifetime have accomplished striking reductions of infection and disease wherever applied. Pasteur's early approaches to vaccine development, attenuation and inactivation, are even now the two poles of vaccine technology...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group US
2005
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095920/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15812490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1209 |
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author | Plotkin, Stanley A |
author_facet | Plotkin, Stanley A |
author_sort | Plotkin, Stanley A |
collection | PubMed |
description | The vaccines developed over the first two hundred years since Jenner's lifetime have accomplished striking reductions of infection and disease wherever applied. Pasteur's early approaches to vaccine development, attenuation and inactivation, are even now the two poles of vaccine technology. Today, purification of microbial elements, genetic engineering and improved knowledge of immune protection allow direct creation of attenuated mutants, expression of vaccine proteins in live vectors, purification and even synthesis of microbial antigens, and induction of a variety of immune responses through manipulation of DNA, RNA, proteins and polysaccharides. Both noninfectious and infectious diseases are now within the realm of vaccinology. The profusion of new vaccines enables new populations to be targeted for vaccination, and requires the development of routes of administration additional to injection. With all this come new problems in the production, regulation and distribution of vaccines. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7095920 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2005 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70959202020-03-26 Vaccines: past, present and future Plotkin, Stanley A Nat Med Article The vaccines developed over the first two hundred years since Jenner's lifetime have accomplished striking reductions of infection and disease wherever applied. Pasteur's early approaches to vaccine development, attenuation and inactivation, are even now the two poles of vaccine technology. Today, purification of microbial elements, genetic engineering and improved knowledge of immune protection allow direct creation of attenuated mutants, expression of vaccine proteins in live vectors, purification and even synthesis of microbial antigens, and induction of a variety of immune responses through manipulation of DNA, RNA, proteins and polysaccharides. Both noninfectious and infectious diseases are now within the realm of vaccinology. The profusion of new vaccines enables new populations to be targeted for vaccination, and requires the development of routes of administration additional to injection. With all this come new problems in the production, regulation and distribution of vaccines. Nature Publishing Group US 2005-04-05 2005 /pmc/articles/PMC7095920/ /pubmed/15812490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1209 Text en © Nature Publishing Group 2005 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Article Plotkin, Stanley A Vaccines: past, present and future |
title | Vaccines: past, present and future |
title_full | Vaccines: past, present and future |
title_fullStr | Vaccines: past, present and future |
title_full_unstemmed | Vaccines: past, present and future |
title_short | Vaccines: past, present and future |
title_sort | vaccines: past, present and future |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095920/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15812490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1209 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT plotkinstanleya vaccinespastpresentandfuture |