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The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a new infectious disease that first emerged in Guangdong province, China, in November, 2002. A novel coronavirus was later identified in patients with SARS. The detection of the virus in these patients, its absence in healthy controls or other patients wit...

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Autores principales: Poon, LLM, Guan, Y, Nicholls, JM, Yuen, KY, Peiris, JSM
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Ltd. 2004
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7106534/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15522678
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01172-7
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author Poon, LLM
Guan, Y
Nicholls, JM
Yuen, KY
Peiris, JSM
author_facet Poon, LLM
Guan, Y
Nicholls, JM
Yuen, KY
Peiris, JSM
author_sort Poon, LLM
collection PubMed
description Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a new infectious disease that first emerged in Guangdong province, China, in November, 2002. A novel coronavirus was later identified in patients with SARS. The detection of the virus in these patients, its absence in healthy controls or other patients with atypical pneumonia, and the reproduction of a similar disease in a relevant animal model fulfilled Koch's postulates for implicating this coronavirus as the causal agent of SARS. The full genome sequence was determined within weeks of the virus's identification. The rapid progress in the aetiology, the development of laboratory diagnostic tests, and the defining of routes of viral transmission were facilitated through a unique WHO-coordinated virtual network of laboratories, which shared information on a real-time basis through daily teleconferences. Subsequent studies have indicated that the SARS coronavirus is of animal origin, that its precursor is still present in animal populations within the region, and that live-animal markets in southern China may have provided the animal-human interphase that allowed this precursor virus to adapt to human-human transmission. These findings underscore the potential for the re-emergence of SARS and the need for laboratory tests for early diagnosis. However, the low viral load in the respiratory tract makes early diagnosis of SARS a diagnostic challenge, although improvements in the sensitivity of molecular diagnostic methods continue to be made.
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spelling pubmed-71065342020-03-31 The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Poon, LLM Guan, Y Nicholls, JM Yuen, KY Peiris, JSM Lancet Infect Dis Article Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a new infectious disease that first emerged in Guangdong province, China, in November, 2002. A novel coronavirus was later identified in patients with SARS. The detection of the virus in these patients, its absence in healthy controls or other patients with atypical pneumonia, and the reproduction of a similar disease in a relevant animal model fulfilled Koch's postulates for implicating this coronavirus as the causal agent of SARS. The full genome sequence was determined within weeks of the virus's identification. The rapid progress in the aetiology, the development of laboratory diagnostic tests, and the defining of routes of viral transmission were facilitated through a unique WHO-coordinated virtual network of laboratories, which shared information on a real-time basis through daily teleconferences. Subsequent studies have indicated that the SARS coronavirus is of animal origin, that its precursor is still present in animal populations within the region, and that live-animal markets in southern China may have provided the animal-human interphase that allowed this precursor virus to adapt to human-human transmission. These findings underscore the potential for the re-emergence of SARS and the need for laboratory tests for early diagnosis. However, the low viral load in the respiratory tract makes early diagnosis of SARS a diagnostic challenge, although improvements in the sensitivity of molecular diagnostic methods continue to be made. Elsevier Ltd. 2004-11 2004-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7106534/ /pubmed/15522678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01172-7 Text en Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Poon, LLM
Guan, Y
Nicholls, JM
Yuen, KY
Peiris, JSM
The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
title The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
title_full The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
title_fullStr The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
title_full_unstemmed The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
title_short The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
title_sort aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7106534/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15522678
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01172-7
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