Cargando…
Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets
Depending on environmental demands, humans can learn and exploit multiple concurrent sets of stimulus-response associations. Mechanisms underlying the learning of such task-sets remain unknown. Here we investigate the hypothesis that task-set learning relies on unsupervised chunking of stimulus-resp...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108869/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32149602 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.50469 |
_version_ | 1783512853611806720 |
---|---|
author | Bouchacourt, Flora Palminteri, Stefano Koechlin, Etienne Ostojic, Srdjan |
author_facet | Bouchacourt, Flora Palminteri, Stefano Koechlin, Etienne Ostojic, Srdjan |
author_sort | Bouchacourt, Flora |
collection | PubMed |
description | Depending on environmental demands, humans can learn and exploit multiple concurrent sets of stimulus-response associations. Mechanisms underlying the learning of such task-sets remain unknown. Here we investigate the hypothesis that task-set learning relies on unsupervised chunking of stimulus-response associations that occur in temporal proximity. We examine behavioral and neural data from a task-set learning experiment using a network model. We first show that task-set learning can be achieved provided the timescale of chunking is slower than the timescale of stimulus-response learning. Fitting the model to behavioral data on a subject-by-subject basis confirmed this expectation and led to specific predictions linking chunking and task-set retrieval that were borne out by behavioral performance and reaction times. Comparing the model activity with BOLD signal allowed us to identify neural correlates of task-set retrieval in a functional network involving ventral and dorsal prefrontal cortex, with the dorsal system preferentially engaged when retrievals are used to improve performance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7108869 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71088692020-04-02 Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets Bouchacourt, Flora Palminteri, Stefano Koechlin, Etienne Ostojic, Srdjan eLife Neuroscience Depending on environmental demands, humans can learn and exploit multiple concurrent sets of stimulus-response associations. Mechanisms underlying the learning of such task-sets remain unknown. Here we investigate the hypothesis that task-set learning relies on unsupervised chunking of stimulus-response associations that occur in temporal proximity. We examine behavioral and neural data from a task-set learning experiment using a network model. We first show that task-set learning can be achieved provided the timescale of chunking is slower than the timescale of stimulus-response learning. Fitting the model to behavioral data on a subject-by-subject basis confirmed this expectation and led to specific predictions linking chunking and task-set retrieval that were borne out by behavioral performance and reaction times. Comparing the model activity with BOLD signal allowed us to identify neural correlates of task-set retrieval in a functional network involving ventral and dorsal prefrontal cortex, with the dorsal system preferentially engaged when retrievals are used to improve performance. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2020-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7108869/ /pubmed/32149602 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.50469 Text en © 2020, Bouchacourt et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Bouchacourt, Flora Palminteri, Stefano Koechlin, Etienne Ostojic, Srdjan Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
title | Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
title_full | Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
title_fullStr | Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
title_full_unstemmed | Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
title_short | Temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
title_sort | temporal chunking as a mechanism for unsupervised learning of task-sets |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108869/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32149602 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.50469 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT bouchacourtflora temporalchunkingasamechanismforunsupervisedlearningoftasksets AT palminteristefano temporalchunkingasamechanismforunsupervisedlearningoftasksets AT koechlinetienne temporalchunkingasamechanismforunsupervisedlearningoftasksets AT ostojicsrdjan temporalchunkingasamechanismforunsupervisedlearningoftasksets |