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Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking

Metamaterials are artificial materials made of subwavelength elementary cells that give rise to unexpected wave properties that do not exist naturally. However, these properties are generally achieved due to 3D patterning, which is hardly feasible at short wavelengths in the visible and near-infrare...

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Autores principales: Wang, Jiyong, Coillet, Aurelien, Demichel, Olivier, Wang, Zhiqiang, Rego, Davi, Bouhelier, Alexandre, Grelu, Philippe, Cluzel, Benoit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7109045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32257181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-0291-2
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author Wang, Jiyong
Coillet, Aurelien
Demichel, Olivier
Wang, Zhiqiang
Rego, Davi
Bouhelier, Alexandre
Grelu, Philippe
Cluzel, Benoit
author_facet Wang, Jiyong
Coillet, Aurelien
Demichel, Olivier
Wang, Zhiqiang
Rego, Davi
Bouhelier, Alexandre
Grelu, Philippe
Cluzel, Benoit
author_sort Wang, Jiyong
collection PubMed
description Metamaterials are artificial materials made of subwavelength elementary cells that give rise to unexpected wave properties that do not exist naturally. However, these properties are generally achieved due to 3D patterning, which is hardly feasible at short wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared regions targeted by most photonic applications. To overcome this limitation, metasurfaces, which are the 2D counterparts of metamaterials, have emerged as promising platforms that are compatible with planar nanotechnologies and thus mass production, which platforms the properties of a metamaterial into a 2D sheet. In the linear regime, wavefront manipulation for lensing, holography, and polarization control has been achieved recently. Interest in metasurfaces operating in the nonlinear regime has also increased due to the ability of metasurfaces to efficiently convert incident light into harmonic frequencies with unusual polarization properties. However, to date, the nonlinear absorption of metasurfaces has been mostly ignored. Here, we demonstrate that plasmonic metasurfaces behave as saturable absorbers with modulation performances superior to the modulation performance of other 2D materials and exhibit unusual polarimetric nonlinear transfer functions. We quantify the link between saturable absorption, the plasmonic resonances of the unit cell and their distribution in a 2D metasurface, and finally provide a practical implementation by integrating the metasurfaces into a fiber laser cavity operating in pulsed regimes driven by the metasurface properties. As such, this work provides new perspectives on ultrathin nonlinear saturable absorbers for applications where tunable nonlinear transfer functions are needed, such as in ultrafast lasers or neuromorphic circuits.
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spelling pubmed-71090452020-04-06 Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking Wang, Jiyong Coillet, Aurelien Demichel, Olivier Wang, Zhiqiang Rego, Davi Bouhelier, Alexandre Grelu, Philippe Cluzel, Benoit Light Sci Appl Article Metamaterials are artificial materials made of subwavelength elementary cells that give rise to unexpected wave properties that do not exist naturally. However, these properties are generally achieved due to 3D patterning, which is hardly feasible at short wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared regions targeted by most photonic applications. To overcome this limitation, metasurfaces, which are the 2D counterparts of metamaterials, have emerged as promising platforms that are compatible with planar nanotechnologies and thus mass production, which platforms the properties of a metamaterial into a 2D sheet. In the linear regime, wavefront manipulation for lensing, holography, and polarization control has been achieved recently. Interest in metasurfaces operating in the nonlinear regime has also increased due to the ability of metasurfaces to efficiently convert incident light into harmonic frequencies with unusual polarization properties. However, to date, the nonlinear absorption of metasurfaces has been mostly ignored. Here, we demonstrate that plasmonic metasurfaces behave as saturable absorbers with modulation performances superior to the modulation performance of other 2D materials and exhibit unusual polarimetric nonlinear transfer functions. We quantify the link between saturable absorption, the plasmonic resonances of the unit cell and their distribution in a 2D metasurface, and finally provide a practical implementation by integrating the metasurfaces into a fiber laser cavity operating in pulsed regimes driven by the metasurface properties. As such, this work provides new perspectives on ultrathin nonlinear saturable absorbers for applications where tunable nonlinear transfer functions are needed, such as in ultrafast lasers or neuromorphic circuits. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7109045/ /pubmed/32257181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-0291-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Jiyong
Coillet, Aurelien
Demichel, Olivier
Wang, Zhiqiang
Rego, Davi
Bouhelier, Alexandre
Grelu, Philippe
Cluzel, Benoit
Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
title Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
title_full Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
title_fullStr Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
title_full_unstemmed Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
title_short Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
title_sort saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7109045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32257181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-0291-2
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