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Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation

Human milk is a complex liquid that contains multifaceted compounds which provide nutrition to infants and helps to develop their immune system. The presence of secretory immunoglobulins (IgA), leucocytes, lysozyme, lactoferrin, etc., in breast milk and their role in imparting passive immunity to in...

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Autores principales: Stephen, Bjorn John, Pareek, Nidhi, Saeed, Mohd, Kausar, Mohd Adnan, Rahman, Safikur, Datta, Manali
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7109445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00404
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author Stephen, Bjorn John
Pareek, Nidhi
Saeed, Mohd
Kausar, Mohd Adnan
Rahman, Safikur
Datta, Manali
author_facet Stephen, Bjorn John
Pareek, Nidhi
Saeed, Mohd
Kausar, Mohd Adnan
Rahman, Safikur
Datta, Manali
author_sort Stephen, Bjorn John
collection PubMed
description Human milk is a complex liquid that contains multifaceted compounds which provide nutrition to infants and helps to develop their immune system. The presence of secretory immunoglobulins (IgA), leucocytes, lysozyme, lactoferrin, etc., in breast milk and their role in imparting passive immunity to infants as well as modulating development of an infant's immune system is well-established. Breast milk miRNAs (microRNAs) have been found to be differentially expressed in diverse tissues and biological processes during various molecular functions. Lactation is reported to assist mothers and their offspring to adapt to an ever-changing food supply. It has been observed that certain subtypes of miRNAs exist that are codified by non-human genomes but are still present in circulation. They have been termed as xeno-miRNA (XenomiRs). XenomiRs in humans have been found from various exogenous sources. Route of entry in human systems have been mainly dietary. The possibility of miRNAs taken up into mammalian circulation through diet, and thereby effecting gene expression, is a distinct possibility. This mechanism suggests an interesting possibility that dietary foods may modulate the immune strength of infants via highly specific post-transcriptional regulatory information present in mother's milk. This serves as a major breakthrough in understanding the fundamentals of nutrition and cross-organism communication. In this review, we elaborate and understand the complex crosstalk of XenomiRs present in mother's milk and their plausible role in modulating the infant immune system against infectious and inflammatory diseases.
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spelling pubmed-71094452020-04-08 Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation Stephen, Bjorn John Pareek, Nidhi Saeed, Mohd Kausar, Mohd Adnan Rahman, Safikur Datta, Manali Front Immunol Immunology Human milk is a complex liquid that contains multifaceted compounds which provide nutrition to infants and helps to develop their immune system. The presence of secretory immunoglobulins (IgA), leucocytes, lysozyme, lactoferrin, etc., in breast milk and their role in imparting passive immunity to infants as well as modulating development of an infant's immune system is well-established. Breast milk miRNAs (microRNAs) have been found to be differentially expressed in diverse tissues and biological processes during various molecular functions. Lactation is reported to assist mothers and their offspring to adapt to an ever-changing food supply. It has been observed that certain subtypes of miRNAs exist that are codified by non-human genomes but are still present in circulation. They have been termed as xeno-miRNA (XenomiRs). XenomiRs in humans have been found from various exogenous sources. Route of entry in human systems have been mainly dietary. The possibility of miRNAs taken up into mammalian circulation through diet, and thereby effecting gene expression, is a distinct possibility. This mechanism suggests an interesting possibility that dietary foods may modulate the immune strength of infants via highly specific post-transcriptional regulatory information present in mother's milk. This serves as a major breakthrough in understanding the fundamentals of nutrition and cross-organism communication. In this review, we elaborate and understand the complex crosstalk of XenomiRs present in mother's milk and their plausible role in modulating the infant immune system against infectious and inflammatory diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7109445/ /pubmed/32269563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00404 Text en Copyright © 2020 Stephen, Pareek, Saeed, Kausar, Rahman and Datta. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Stephen, Bjorn John
Pareek, Nidhi
Saeed, Mohd
Kausar, Mohd Adnan
Rahman, Safikur
Datta, Manali
Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation
title Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation
title_full Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation
title_fullStr Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation
title_full_unstemmed Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation
title_short Xeno-miRNA in Maternal-Infant Immune Crosstalk: An Aid to Disease Alleviation
title_sort xeno-mirna in maternal-infant immune crosstalk: an aid to disease alleviation
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7109445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00404
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