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Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview
BACKGROUND: The annual Hajj and Umrah are one of the largest recurring religious mass gatherings across the globe drawing pilgrims from more than 185 countries. The living circumstances and activities of the pilgrims may create an environment for the occurrence and spread of communicable diseases. E...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29037978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.10.005 |
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author | Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Gautret, Philippe Memish, Ziad A. |
author_facet | Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Gautret, Philippe Memish, Ziad A. |
author_sort | Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The annual Hajj and Umrah are one of the largest recurring religious mass gatherings across the globe drawing pilgrims from more than 185 countries. The living circumstances and activities of the pilgrims may create an environment for the occurrence and spread of communicable diseases. Each year, the Health authority of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in coordination with international health authorities, updates health requirements for pilgrims. The Hajj for 2017 took place from August 24 to September 5, 2017. Here, we review the expected obligations for immunizations for the 2018 Hajj and Umrah. RESULTS: The Hajj and Umrah vaccine requirements include mandatory vaccinations against yellow fever, quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide (every 3 years) or conjugated (every 5 years) vaccines and poliomyelitis vaccine. Influenza vaccine utilizing the 2016 (Southern Hemisphere vaccine to all pilgrims) was recommended but was not obligatory for pilgrims. Ciprofloxacin is required for individuals >12 years excluding pregnant women as chemoprophylaxis to be given at the port of entry for Pilgrims coming from the meningitis belt. With the ongoing outbreaks of measles in Europe, it is recommended that all pilgrims have an updated immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles and mumps). CONCLUSION: The mandatory vaccines remain the same with continued vigilance for the development of any new or emerging infectious diseases. Continuing surveillance for Zika virus, cholera and MERS-CoV are ongoing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7110709 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71107092020-04-02 Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Gautret, Philippe Memish, Ziad A. Travel Med Infect Dis Article BACKGROUND: The annual Hajj and Umrah are one of the largest recurring religious mass gatherings across the globe drawing pilgrims from more than 185 countries. The living circumstances and activities of the pilgrims may create an environment for the occurrence and spread of communicable diseases. Each year, the Health authority of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in coordination with international health authorities, updates health requirements for pilgrims. The Hajj for 2017 took place from August 24 to September 5, 2017. Here, we review the expected obligations for immunizations for the 2018 Hajj and Umrah. RESULTS: The Hajj and Umrah vaccine requirements include mandatory vaccinations against yellow fever, quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide (every 3 years) or conjugated (every 5 years) vaccines and poliomyelitis vaccine. Influenza vaccine utilizing the 2016 (Southern Hemisphere vaccine to all pilgrims) was recommended but was not obligatory for pilgrims. Ciprofloxacin is required for individuals >12 years excluding pregnant women as chemoprophylaxis to be given at the port of entry for Pilgrims coming from the meningitis belt. With the ongoing outbreaks of measles in Europe, it is recommended that all pilgrims have an updated immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles and mumps). CONCLUSION: The mandatory vaccines remain the same with continued vigilance for the development of any new or emerging infectious diseases. Continuing surveillance for Zika virus, cholera and MERS-CoV are ongoing. Elsevier Ltd. 2017 2017-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7110709/ /pubmed/29037978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.10.005 Text en © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Gautret, Philippe Memish, Ziad A. Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview |
title | Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview |
title_full | Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview |
title_fullStr | Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview |
title_full_unstemmed | Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview |
title_short | Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview |
title_sort | expected immunizations and health protection for hajj and umrah 2018 —an overview |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29037978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.10.005 |
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