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Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response

The live equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) was developed by in vitro attenuation of a virulent strain, EIAV(LN40), in the 1970s, and it has been demonstrated to induce protective immunity under laboratory and natural EIAV infection conditions. The detailed biological...

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Autores principales: Liu, Qiang, Ma, Jian, Wang, Xue-Feng, Xiao, Fei, Li, Li-Jia, Zhang, Jiao-Er, Lin, Yue-Zhi, Du, Cheng, He, Xi-Jun, Wang, Xiaojun, Zhou, Jian-Hua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7112881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26832985
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.01.006
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author Liu, Qiang
Ma, Jian
Wang, Xue-Feng
Xiao, Fei
Li, Li-Jia
Zhang, Jiao-Er
Lin, Yue-Zhi
Du, Cheng
He, Xi-Jun
Wang, Xiaojun
Zhou, Jian-Hua
author_facet Liu, Qiang
Ma, Jian
Wang, Xue-Feng
Xiao, Fei
Li, Li-Jia
Zhang, Jiao-Er
Lin, Yue-Zhi
Du, Cheng
He, Xi-Jun
Wang, Xiaojun
Zhou, Jian-Hua
author_sort Liu, Qiang
collection PubMed
description The live equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) was developed by in vitro attenuation of a virulent strain, EIAV(LN40), in the 1970s, and it has been demonstrated to induce protective immunity under laboratory and natural EIAV infection conditions. The detailed biological features of this attenuated virus remain to be further investigated. Experimental inoculation with EIAV(DLV121) did not result in clinical symptoms even with immunosuppressive treatment in our previous studies. Here, we further investigated whether the replication of the vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) in experimentally infected horses causes histopathological lesions to develop in the targeted organs. Both the lungs and the spleen have been demonstrated to support EIAV replication. By evaluating the gross macroscopic and histological changes, we found that EIAV(DLV121) did not cause detectable histopathological lesions and that it replicated several hundred times more slowly than its parental virulent strain, EIAV(LN40), in tissues. Immunochemical assays of these tissues indicated that the primary target cells of EIAV(DLV121) were monocytes/macrophages, but that EIAV(LN40) also infected alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells. In addition, both of these viral strains promoted the up- and down-regulation of the expression of various cytokines and chemokines, implicating the potential involvement of these cellular factors in the pathological outcomes of EIAV infection and host immune responses. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the EIAV vaccine strain does not cause obvious histopathological lesions or clinical symptoms and that it induces a unique cytokine response profile. These features are considered essential for EIAV(DLV121) to function as an effective live vaccine.
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spelling pubmed-71128812020-04-02 Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response Liu, Qiang Ma, Jian Wang, Xue-Feng Xiao, Fei Li, Li-Jia Zhang, Jiao-Er Lin, Yue-Zhi Du, Cheng He, Xi-Jun Wang, Xiaojun Zhou, Jian-Hua Vet Immunol Immunopathol Article The live equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) was developed by in vitro attenuation of a virulent strain, EIAV(LN40), in the 1970s, and it has been demonstrated to induce protective immunity under laboratory and natural EIAV infection conditions. The detailed biological features of this attenuated virus remain to be further investigated. Experimental inoculation with EIAV(DLV121) did not result in clinical symptoms even with immunosuppressive treatment in our previous studies. Here, we further investigated whether the replication of the vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) in experimentally infected horses causes histopathological lesions to develop in the targeted organs. Both the lungs and the spleen have been demonstrated to support EIAV replication. By evaluating the gross macroscopic and histological changes, we found that EIAV(DLV121) did not cause detectable histopathological lesions and that it replicated several hundred times more slowly than its parental virulent strain, EIAV(LN40), in tissues. Immunochemical assays of these tissues indicated that the primary target cells of EIAV(DLV121) were monocytes/macrophages, but that EIAV(LN40) also infected alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells. In addition, both of these viral strains promoted the up- and down-regulation of the expression of various cytokines and chemokines, implicating the potential involvement of these cellular factors in the pathological outcomes of EIAV infection and host immune responses. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the EIAV vaccine strain does not cause obvious histopathological lesions or clinical symptoms and that it induces a unique cytokine response profile. These features are considered essential for EIAV(DLV121) to function as an effective live vaccine. Elsevier B.V. 2016-02 2016-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7112881/ /pubmed/26832985 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.01.006 Text en Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Liu, Qiang
Ma, Jian
Wang, Xue-Feng
Xiao, Fei
Li, Li-Jia
Zhang, Jiao-Er
Lin, Yue-Zhi
Du, Cheng
He, Xi-Jun
Wang, Xiaojun
Zhou, Jian-Hua
Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
title Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
title_full Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
title_fullStr Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
title_full_unstemmed Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
title_short Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(DLV121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
title_sort infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain eiav(dlv121) causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7112881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26832985
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.01.006
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