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Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA

Pigs (Sus scrofa) were introduced to Guam in the 1600’s and are now present in high densities throughout the island. Wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. Exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and Leptospira interrogans has been do...

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Autores principales: Cleveland, Christopher A., DeNicola, Anthony, Dubey, J.P., Hill, Dolores E., Berghaus, Roy D., Yabsley, Michael J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7117193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28622856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.05.001
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author Cleveland, Christopher A.
DeNicola, Anthony
Dubey, J.P.
Hill, Dolores E.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Yabsley, Michael J.
author_facet Cleveland, Christopher A.
DeNicola, Anthony
Dubey, J.P.
Hill, Dolores E.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Yabsley, Michael J.
author_sort Cleveland, Christopher A.
collection PubMed
description Pigs (Sus scrofa) were introduced to Guam in the 1600’s and are now present in high densities throughout the island. Wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. Exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and Leptospira interrogans has been documented in domestic swine but data from wild pigs are lacking. The close proximity of humans, domestic animals, and wild pigs, combined with the liberal hunting of wild pigs, results in frequent opportunities for pathogen transmission. From February–March 2015, blood, tissue and ectoparasite samples were collected from 47 wild pigs. Serologic testing found exposure to Brucella spp. (2%), Toxoplasma gondii (11%), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (13%), porcine circovirus type 2 (36%), pseudorabies virus (64%), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (93%), Lawsonia intracellularis (93%), and porcine parvovirus (94%). Eleven (24%) samples had low titers (1:100) to Leptospira interrogans serovars Bratislava (n = 6), Icterohaemorrhagiae (n = 6), Pomona (n = 2), and Hardjo (n = 1). Kidney samples from nine pigs with Leptospira antibodies were negative for Leptospira antigens. Numerous pigs had Metastrongylus lungworms and three had Stephanurus dentatus. Lice (Hematopinus suis) and ticks (Amblyomma breviscutatum) were also detected. No antibodies to Influenza A viruses were detected. In contrast to the previous domestic swine survey, we found evidence of numerous pathogens in wild pigs including new reports of pseudorabies virus, PRRS virus, Brucella, and Leptospira in pigs on Guam. These findings highlight that domestic swine-wild pig interactions should be prevented and precautions are needed when handling wild pigs to minimize the risk of pathogen transmission.
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spelling pubmed-71171932020-04-02 Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA Cleveland, Christopher A. DeNicola, Anthony Dubey, J.P. Hill, Dolores E. Berghaus, Roy D. Yabsley, Michael J. Vet Microbiol Short Communication Pigs (Sus scrofa) were introduced to Guam in the 1600’s and are now present in high densities throughout the island. Wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. Exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and Leptospira interrogans has been documented in domestic swine but data from wild pigs are lacking. The close proximity of humans, domestic animals, and wild pigs, combined with the liberal hunting of wild pigs, results in frequent opportunities for pathogen transmission. From February–March 2015, blood, tissue and ectoparasite samples were collected from 47 wild pigs. Serologic testing found exposure to Brucella spp. (2%), Toxoplasma gondii (11%), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (13%), porcine circovirus type 2 (36%), pseudorabies virus (64%), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (93%), Lawsonia intracellularis (93%), and porcine parvovirus (94%). Eleven (24%) samples had low titers (1:100) to Leptospira interrogans serovars Bratislava (n = 6), Icterohaemorrhagiae (n = 6), Pomona (n = 2), and Hardjo (n = 1). Kidney samples from nine pigs with Leptospira antibodies were negative for Leptospira antigens. Numerous pigs had Metastrongylus lungworms and three had Stephanurus dentatus. Lice (Hematopinus suis) and ticks (Amblyomma breviscutatum) were also detected. No antibodies to Influenza A viruses were detected. In contrast to the previous domestic swine survey, we found evidence of numerous pathogens in wild pigs including new reports of pseudorabies virus, PRRS virus, Brucella, and Leptospira in pigs on Guam. These findings highlight that domestic swine-wild pig interactions should be prevented and precautions are needed when handling wild pigs to minimize the risk of pathogen transmission. Elsevier B.V. 2017-06 2017-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7117193/ /pubmed/28622856 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.05.001 Text en © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Short Communication
Cleveland, Christopher A.
DeNicola, Anthony
Dubey, J.P.
Hill, Dolores E.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Yabsley, Michael J.
Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA
title Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA
title_full Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA
title_fullStr Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA
title_full_unstemmed Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA
title_short Survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from Guam, Marianna Islands, USA
title_sort survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (sus scrofa) from guam, marianna islands, usa
topic Short Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7117193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28622856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.05.001
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