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Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction
The prostate is a principal accessory genital gland that is vital for normal fertility. Epithelial cells lining the prostate acini release in a defined fashion (exocytosis) organellar nanosized structures named prostasomes. They are involved in the protection of sperm cells against immune response i...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120776/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26178851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18881-2_9 |
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author | Ronquist, Gunnar |
author_facet | Ronquist, Gunnar |
author_sort | Ronquist, Gunnar |
collection | PubMed |
description | The prostate is a principal accessory genital gland that is vital for normal fertility. Epithelial cells lining the prostate acini release in a defined fashion (exocytosis) organellar nanosized structures named prostasomes. They are involved in the protection of sperm cells against immune response in the female reproductive tract by modulating the complement system and by inhibiting monocyte and neutrophil phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation. The immunomodulatory function most probably involves small non-coding RNAs present in prostasomes. Prostasomes have also been proposed to regulate the timing of sperm cell capacitation and induction of the acrosome reaction, since they are rich in various transferable bioactive molecules (e.g. receptors and enzymes) that promote the fertilising ability of sperm cells. Antigenicity of sperm cells has been well documented and implicated in involuntary immunological infertility of human couples, and antisperm antibodies (ASA) occur in several body fluids. The propensity of sperm cells to carry attached prostasomes suggests that they are a new category of sperm antigens. Circulating human ASA recognise prostasomes, and among 12 identified prostasomal antigens, prolactin- inducible protein (95 %) and clusterin (85 %) were immunodominant at the expense of the other 10 that were sporadically occurring. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7120776 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71207762020-04-06 Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction Ronquist, Gunnar The Male Role in Pregnancy Loss and Embryo Implantation Failure Article The prostate is a principal accessory genital gland that is vital for normal fertility. Epithelial cells lining the prostate acini release in a defined fashion (exocytosis) organellar nanosized structures named prostasomes. They are involved in the protection of sperm cells against immune response in the female reproductive tract by modulating the complement system and by inhibiting monocyte and neutrophil phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation. The immunomodulatory function most probably involves small non-coding RNAs present in prostasomes. Prostasomes have also been proposed to regulate the timing of sperm cell capacitation and induction of the acrosome reaction, since they are rich in various transferable bioactive molecules (e.g. receptors and enzymes) that promote the fertilising ability of sperm cells. Antigenicity of sperm cells has been well documented and implicated in involuntary immunological infertility of human couples, and antisperm antibodies (ASA) occur in several body fluids. The propensity of sperm cells to carry attached prostasomes suggests that they are a new category of sperm antigens. Circulating human ASA recognise prostasomes, and among 12 identified prostasomal antigens, prolactin- inducible protein (95 %) and clusterin (85 %) were immunodominant at the expense of the other 10 that were sporadically occurring. 2015-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7120776/ /pubmed/26178851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18881-2_9 Text en © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Article Ronquist, Gunnar Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction |
title | Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction |
title_full | Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction |
title_fullStr | Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction |
title_full_unstemmed | Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction |
title_short | Prostasomes: Their Characterisation: Implications for Human Reproduction: Prostasomes and Human Reproduction |
title_sort | prostasomes: their characterisation: implications for human reproduction: prostasomes and human reproduction |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120776/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26178851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18881-2_9 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ronquistgunnar prostasomestheircharacterisationimplicationsforhumanreproductionprostasomesandhumanreproduction |