Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication

Plus-stranded RNA viruses, the largest group among eukaryotic viruses, are capable of reprogramming host cells by subverting host proteins and membranes, by co-opting and modulating protein and ribonucleoprotein complexes, and by altering cellular pathways during infection. To achieve robust replica...

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Autores principales: Nagy, Peter D., Pogany, Judit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120932/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b135974_14
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author Nagy, Peter D.
Pogany, Judit
author_facet Nagy, Peter D.
Pogany, Judit
author_sort Nagy, Peter D.
collection PubMed
description Plus-stranded RNA viruses, the largest group among eukaryotic viruses, are capable of reprogramming host cells by subverting host proteins and membranes, by co-opting and modulating protein and ribonucleoprotein complexes, and by altering cellular pathways during infection. To achieve robust replication, plus-stranded RNA viruses interact with numerous cellular molecules via protein–protein, RNA–protein, and protein–lipid interactions using molecular mimicry and other means. These interactions lead to the transformation of the host cells into viral “factories" that can produce 10,000–1,000,000 progeny RNAs per infected cell. This chapter presents the progress that was made largely in the last 15 years in understanding virus–host interactions during RNA virus replication. The most commonly employed approaches to identify host factors that affect plus-stranded RNA virus replication are described. In addition, we discuss many of the identified host factors and their proposed roles in RNA virus replication. Altogether, host factors are key determinants of the host range of a given virus and affect virus pathology, host–virus interactions, as well as virus evolution. Studies on host factors also contribute insights into their normal cellular functions, thus promoting understanding of the basic biology of the host cell. The knowledge obtained in this fast-progressing area will likely stimulate the development of new antiviral methods as well as novel strategies that could make plus-stranded RNA viruses useful in bio- and nanotechnology.
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spelling pubmed-71209322020-04-06 Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication Nagy, Peter D. Pogany, Judit Viral Genome Replication Article Plus-stranded RNA viruses, the largest group among eukaryotic viruses, are capable of reprogramming host cells by subverting host proteins and membranes, by co-opting and modulating protein and ribonucleoprotein complexes, and by altering cellular pathways during infection. To achieve robust replication, plus-stranded RNA viruses interact with numerous cellular molecules via protein–protein, RNA–protein, and protein–lipid interactions using molecular mimicry and other means. These interactions lead to the transformation of the host cells into viral “factories" that can produce 10,000–1,000,000 progeny RNAs per infected cell. This chapter presents the progress that was made largely in the last 15 years in understanding virus–host interactions during RNA virus replication. The most commonly employed approaches to identify host factors that affect plus-stranded RNA virus replication are described. In addition, we discuss many of the identified host factors and their proposed roles in RNA virus replication. Altogether, host factors are key determinants of the host range of a given virus and affect virus pathology, host–virus interactions, as well as virus evolution. Studies on host factors also contribute insights into their normal cellular functions, thus promoting understanding of the basic biology of the host cell. The knowledge obtained in this fast-progressing area will likely stimulate the development of new antiviral methods as well as novel strategies that could make plus-stranded RNA viruses useful in bio- and nanotechnology. 2008-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7120932/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b135974_14 Text en © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Article
Nagy, Peter D.
Pogany, Judit
Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication
title Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication
title_full Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication
title_fullStr Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication
title_full_unstemmed Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication
title_short Host Factors Promoting Viral RNA Replication
title_sort host factors promoting viral rna replication
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120932/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b135974_14
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