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Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection

Toll-like receptors (TLR) on the surface of cells of the respiratory tract play an essential role in sensing the presence of microorganisms in the airways and lungs. These receptors trigger inflammatory responses, activate innate immune responses, and prime adaptive immune responses to eradicate inv...

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Autores principales: Anas, A., van der Poll, T., de Vos, A. F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7124092/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10286-8_13
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author Anas, A.
van der Poll, T.
de Vos, A. F.
author_facet Anas, A.
van der Poll, T.
de Vos, A. F.
author_sort Anas, A.
collection PubMed
description Toll-like receptors (TLR) on the surface of cells of the respiratory tract play an essential role in sensing the presence of microorganisms in the airways and lungs. These receptors trigger inflammatory responses, activate innate immune responses, and prime adaptive immune responses to eradicate invading microbes [1]. TLR are members of a family of pattern-recognition receptors, which recognize molecular structures of bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa (pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs), as well as endogenous structures and proteins released during inflammation (damage/danger-associated molecular patterns or DAMPs). To date, ten different TLR have been identified in humans and twelve in mice. TLR are expressed on all cells of the immune system, but also on parenchymal cells of many organs and tissues. The binding of a PAMP to a TLR results in cellular activation and initiates a variety of effector functions, including cytokine secretion, proliferation, co-stimulation or phagocyte maturation. To facilitate microbial recognition and to amplify cellular responses, certain TLR require additional proteins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein (LBP), CD14, CD36 and high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1). In this chapter, the role of CD14 as an accessory receptor for TLR in lung inflammation and infection is discussed. The central role of CD14 in the recognition of various PAMPs and amplification of immune and inflammatory responses in the lung is depicted in Figure 1.
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spelling pubmed-71240922020-04-06 Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection Anas, A. van der Poll, T. de Vos, A. F. Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2010 Article Toll-like receptors (TLR) on the surface of cells of the respiratory tract play an essential role in sensing the presence of microorganisms in the airways and lungs. These receptors trigger inflammatory responses, activate innate immune responses, and prime adaptive immune responses to eradicate invading microbes [1]. TLR are members of a family of pattern-recognition receptors, which recognize molecular structures of bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa (pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs), as well as endogenous structures and proteins released during inflammation (damage/danger-associated molecular patterns or DAMPs). To date, ten different TLR have been identified in humans and twelve in mice. TLR are expressed on all cells of the immune system, but also on parenchymal cells of many organs and tissues. The binding of a PAMP to a TLR results in cellular activation and initiates a variety of effector functions, including cytokine secretion, proliferation, co-stimulation or phagocyte maturation. To facilitate microbial recognition and to amplify cellular responses, certain TLR require additional proteins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein (LBP), CD14, CD36 and high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1). In this chapter, the role of CD14 as an accessory receptor for TLR in lung inflammation and infection is discussed. The central role of CD14 in the recognition of various PAMPs and amplification of immune and inflammatory responses in the lung is depicted in Figure 1. 2010-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7124092/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10286-8_13 Text en © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Article
Anas, A.
van der Poll, T.
de Vos, A. F.
Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection
title Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection
title_full Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection
title_fullStr Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection
title_full_unstemmed Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection
title_short Role of CD14 in Lung Inflammation and Infection
title_sort role of cd14 in lung inflammation and infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7124092/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10286-8_13
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