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West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention
West Nile virus was recognized in the United States for the first time in 1999, when it caused an epidemic of encephalitis and meningitis in New York City, NY. Since then, the disease has been steadily moving westward, and human cases were recognized in 39 states and the District of Columbia in 2002...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.
2003
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7125680/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12962168 http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/78.9.1137 |
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author | Sampathkumar, Priya |
author_facet | Sampathkumar, Priya |
author_sort | Sampathkumar, Priya |
collection | PubMed |
description | West Nile virus was recognized in the United States for the first time in 1999, when it caused an epidemic of encephalitis and meningitis in New York City, NY. Since then, the disease has been steadily moving westward, and human cases were recognized in 39 states and the District of Columbia in 2002. The infection is caused by a flavivirus that is transmitted from birds to humans through the bite of culicine mosquitoes. Most infections are mild, with symptoms primarily being fever, headache, and myalgias. People older than 50 years are at highest risk of severe disease, which may include encephalomyelitis. In 2002, 5 new modes of transmission were recognized: blood product transfusion, organ transplantation, breast-feeding, transplacental transmission, and occupational exposure in laboratory workers. The transmission season was long, with cases occurring into December in some parts of the United States. Currently, there is no specific drug treatment or vaccine against the infection, and avoiding mosquito bites is the best way to protect against the disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7125680 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2003 |
publisher | Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71256802020-04-06 West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention Sampathkumar, Priya Mayo Clin Proc Article West Nile virus was recognized in the United States for the first time in 1999, when it caused an epidemic of encephalitis and meningitis in New York City, NY. Since then, the disease has been steadily moving westward, and human cases were recognized in 39 states and the District of Columbia in 2002. The infection is caused by a flavivirus that is transmitted from birds to humans through the bite of culicine mosquitoes. Most infections are mild, with symptoms primarily being fever, headache, and myalgias. People older than 50 years are at highest risk of severe disease, which may include encephalomyelitis. In 2002, 5 new modes of transmission were recognized: blood product transfusion, organ transplantation, breast-feeding, transplacental transmission, and occupational exposure in laboratory workers. The transmission season was long, with cases occurring into December in some parts of the United States. Currently, there is no specific drug treatment or vaccine against the infection, and avoiding mosquito bites is the best way to protect against the disease. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. 2003-09 2011-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7125680/ /pubmed/12962168 http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/78.9.1137 Text en Copyright © 2003 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Sampathkumar, Priya West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention |
title | West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention |
title_full | West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention |
title_fullStr | West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention |
title_full_unstemmed | West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention |
title_short | West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Prevention |
title_sort | west nile virus: epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7125680/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12962168 http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/78.9.1137 |
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