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Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings
The level of protection of a building against the intentional or accidental release of chemical agents is crucial. Both scenarios could endanger life and safety of the buildings occupants. Equipping buildings with appropriate chemical sensors can alert the building occupants about the contaminant re...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7127283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32288021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.12.002 |
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author | Bastani, Arash Haghighat, Fariborz Kozinski, Janusz A. |
author_facet | Bastani, Arash Haghighat, Fariborz Kozinski, Janusz A. |
author_sort | Bastani, Arash |
collection | PubMed |
description | The level of protection of a building against the intentional or accidental release of chemical agents is crucial. Both scenarios could endanger life and safety of the buildings occupants. Equipping buildings with appropriate chemical sensors can alert the building occupants about the contaminant release. The readings of these sensors can be employed to trace the location of release, and help to take the appropriate actions to minimize the casualties. However, only a limited number of them can be installed due to their initial and operating cost. Moreover, there is no information about the source strength, release time and possible source location. This paper reports the development of a methodology to identify the source location using sensors reading from limited locations. The methodology uses the artificial neural network (ANN) as a statistical analysis integrated with a multi-zone airborne contaminant transport model, CONTAM. To evaluate the applicability of this method, the contaminant dispersion within a building was modeled and the results were integrated to an ANN for the source identification. The prediction made by the trained ANN was then evaluated by predicting the source of the contaminant in 40 extra cases, which had not been seen by the network during the training session. The model was able to predict the source location in more than 90% of the cases when the building was monitored by three or more sensors. The results show that the method can be used to help building designers decide the optimum configuration of the sensors required for a space based on the accuracy level of the source detection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7127283 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71272832020-04-08 Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings Bastani, Arash Haghighat, Fariborz Kozinski, Janusz A. Build Environ Article The level of protection of a building against the intentional or accidental release of chemical agents is crucial. Both scenarios could endanger life and safety of the buildings occupants. Equipping buildings with appropriate chemical sensors can alert the building occupants about the contaminant release. The readings of these sensors can be employed to trace the location of release, and help to take the appropriate actions to minimize the casualties. However, only a limited number of them can be installed due to their initial and operating cost. Moreover, there is no information about the source strength, release time and possible source location. This paper reports the development of a methodology to identify the source location using sensors reading from limited locations. The methodology uses the artificial neural network (ANN) as a statistical analysis integrated with a multi-zone airborne contaminant transport model, CONTAM. To evaluate the applicability of this method, the contaminant dispersion within a building was modeled and the results were integrated to an ANN for the source identification. The prediction made by the trained ANN was then evaluated by predicting the source of the contaminant in 40 extra cases, which had not been seen by the network during the training session. The model was able to predict the source location in more than 90% of the cases when the building was monitored by three or more sensors. The results show that the method can be used to help building designers decide the optimum configuration of the sensors required for a space based on the accuracy level of the source detection. Elsevier Ltd. 2012-05 2011-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7127283/ /pubmed/32288021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.12.002 Text en Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Bastani, Arash Haghighat, Fariborz Kozinski, Janusz A. Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings |
title | Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings |
title_full | Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings |
title_fullStr | Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings |
title_full_unstemmed | Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings |
title_short | Contaminant source identification within a building: Toward design of immune buildings |
title_sort | contaminant source identification within a building: toward design of immune buildings |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7127283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32288021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.12.002 |
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