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Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections

Three years after its first discovery in Jeddah Saudi Arabia, the novel zoonotic pathogen of humans, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to be a major threat to global health security.(1) Sporadic community acquired cases of MERS continue to be reported from the Mid...

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Autores principales: Zumla, Alimuddin, Azhar, Esam I., Arabi, Yaseen, Alotaibi, Badriah, Rao, Martin, McCloskey, Brian, Petersen, Eskild, Maeurer, Markus
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7128983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26365771
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2015.09.005
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author Zumla, Alimuddin
Azhar, Esam I.
Arabi, Yaseen
Alotaibi, Badriah
Rao, Martin
McCloskey, Brian
Petersen, Eskild
Maeurer, Markus
author_facet Zumla, Alimuddin
Azhar, Esam I.
Arabi, Yaseen
Alotaibi, Badriah
Rao, Martin
McCloskey, Brian
Petersen, Eskild
Maeurer, Markus
author_sort Zumla, Alimuddin
collection PubMed
description Three years after its first discovery in Jeddah Saudi Arabia, the novel zoonotic pathogen of humans, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to be a major threat to global health security.(1) Sporadic community acquired cases of MERS continue to be reported from the Middle East. The recent nosocomial outbreaks in hospitals in Seoul, Korea and at the National Guard Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia indicate the epidemic potential of MERS-CoV. Currently there are no effective anti-MERS-CoV anti-viral agents or therapeutics and MERS is associated with a high mortality rate (40%) in hospitalised patients. A large proportion of MERS patients who die have a range of pulmonary pathology ranging from pneumonia to adult respiratory distress syndrome with multi-organ failure, compounded by co-morbidities, reflecting a precarious balance of interactions between the host-immune system and MERS-CoV. Whilst we wait for new MERS-CoV specific drugs, therapeutics and vaccines to be developed, there is a need to advance a range of Host-Directed Therapies. A range of HDTs are available, including commonly used drugs with good safety profiles, which could augment host innate and adaptive immune mechanisms to MERS-CoV, modulate excessive inflammation and reduce lung tissue destruction. We discuss the rationale and potential of using Host-Directed Therapies for improving the poor treatment outcomes associated with MERS. Carefully designed randomized controlled trials will be needed to determine whether HDTs could benefit patients with MERS. The recurrent outbreaks of MERS-CoV infections at hospitals in the Middle East present unique opportunities to conduct randomized clinical trials. The time has come for a more coordinated global response to MERS and a multidisciplinary global MERS-CoV response group is required to take forward priority research agendas.
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spelling pubmed-71289832020-04-08 Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections Zumla, Alimuddin Azhar, Esam I. Arabi, Yaseen Alotaibi, Badriah Rao, Martin McCloskey, Brian Petersen, Eskild Maeurer, Markus Int J Infect Dis Article Three years after its first discovery in Jeddah Saudi Arabia, the novel zoonotic pathogen of humans, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to be a major threat to global health security.(1) Sporadic community acquired cases of MERS continue to be reported from the Middle East. The recent nosocomial outbreaks in hospitals in Seoul, Korea and at the National Guard Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia indicate the epidemic potential of MERS-CoV. Currently there are no effective anti-MERS-CoV anti-viral agents or therapeutics and MERS is associated with a high mortality rate (40%) in hospitalised patients. A large proportion of MERS patients who die have a range of pulmonary pathology ranging from pneumonia to adult respiratory distress syndrome with multi-organ failure, compounded by co-morbidities, reflecting a precarious balance of interactions between the host-immune system and MERS-CoV. Whilst we wait for new MERS-CoV specific drugs, therapeutics and vaccines to be developed, there is a need to advance a range of Host-Directed Therapies. A range of HDTs are available, including commonly used drugs with good safety profiles, which could augment host innate and adaptive immune mechanisms to MERS-CoV, modulate excessive inflammation and reduce lung tissue destruction. We discuss the rationale and potential of using Host-Directed Therapies for improving the poor treatment outcomes associated with MERS. Carefully designed randomized controlled trials will be needed to determine whether HDTs could benefit patients with MERS. The recurrent outbreaks of MERS-CoV infections at hospitals in the Middle East present unique opportunities to conduct randomized clinical trials. The time has come for a more coordinated global response to MERS and a multidisciplinary global MERS-CoV response group is required to take forward priority research agendas. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2015-11 2015-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7128983/ /pubmed/26365771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2015.09.005 Text en Copyright © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Zumla, Alimuddin
Azhar, Esam I.
Arabi, Yaseen
Alotaibi, Badriah
Rao, Martin
McCloskey, Brian
Petersen, Eskild
Maeurer, Markus
Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
title Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
title_full Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
title_fullStr Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
title_full_unstemmed Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
title_short Host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
title_sort host-directed therapies for improving poor treatment outcomes associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7128983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26365771
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2015.09.005
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