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Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations
Cognitive functions, such as working memory (WM) and attention, have been shown to benefit from physical exercise. Quantifying frequency-band-specific neural oscillatory patterns during the use of such cognitive functions can provide insight into exercise-induced benefits in the brain. Specifically,...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7136837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32296302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00239 |
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author | Chaire, Alondra Becke, Andreas Düzel, Emrah |
author_facet | Chaire, Alondra Becke, Andreas Düzel, Emrah |
author_sort | Chaire, Alondra |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cognitive functions, such as working memory (WM) and attention, have been shown to benefit from physical exercise. Quantifying frequency-band-specific neural oscillatory patterns during the use of such cognitive functions can provide insight into exercise-induced benefits in the brain. Specifically, we investigated whether a 4-month physical exercise training influenced theta and alpha power measured in visual WM and attention tasks. The delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task required mnemonic discrimination of similar visual stimuli, akin to pattern separation, while the visual-attention search (VAS) task required detecting the presence of a specific object (i.e., target) in an image. Behavioral and electroencephalographic data were acquired during a DMS visual WM task and VAS task both before and after the intervention. Forty-three sedentary young adults (19–34 years) were pseudorandomly assigned to a training group (indoor treadmill, n = 20) or to a control group (n = 23). Compared to the preintervention baseline, the exercise group showed increased frontal alpha power (9–12 Hz) during the VAS task after the intervention. In addition, alpha power changes correlated positively with fitness changes. Behaviorally, there were no exercise-related effects on reaction times or accuracy in either task. Our findings substantiate that aerobic training of sedentary young adults may influence neural dynamics underlying visual attention rather than visual WM and mnemonic discrimination. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7136837 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71368372020-04-15 Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations Chaire, Alondra Becke, Andreas Düzel, Emrah Front Neurosci Neuroscience Cognitive functions, such as working memory (WM) and attention, have been shown to benefit from physical exercise. Quantifying frequency-band-specific neural oscillatory patterns during the use of such cognitive functions can provide insight into exercise-induced benefits in the brain. Specifically, we investigated whether a 4-month physical exercise training influenced theta and alpha power measured in visual WM and attention tasks. The delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task required mnemonic discrimination of similar visual stimuli, akin to pattern separation, while the visual-attention search (VAS) task required detecting the presence of a specific object (i.e., target) in an image. Behavioral and electroencephalographic data were acquired during a DMS visual WM task and VAS task both before and after the intervention. Forty-three sedentary young adults (19–34 years) were pseudorandomly assigned to a training group (indoor treadmill, n = 20) or to a control group (n = 23). Compared to the preintervention baseline, the exercise group showed increased frontal alpha power (9–12 Hz) during the VAS task after the intervention. In addition, alpha power changes correlated positively with fitness changes. Behaviorally, there were no exercise-related effects on reaction times or accuracy in either task. Our findings substantiate that aerobic training of sedentary young adults may influence neural dynamics underlying visual attention rather than visual WM and mnemonic discrimination. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7136837/ /pubmed/32296302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00239 Text en Copyright © 2020 Chaire, Becke and Düzel. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Chaire, Alondra Becke, Andreas Düzel, Emrah Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations |
title | Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations |
title_full | Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations |
title_fullStr | Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations |
title_short | Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Attention-Related Neural Oscillations |
title_sort | effects of physical exercise on working memory and attention-related neural oscillations |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7136837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32296302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00239 |
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