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The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories

BACKGROUND: Fairness has received much attention in our society. At present, the findings regarding fair decision-making in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) are inconsistent. Previous studies have shown that the fair decision-making of typically developing children is influenced by...

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Autores principales: Jin, Peiying, Wang, Yao, Li, Yun, Xiao, Yunhua, Li, Chunyan, Qiu, Nana, Weng, Jiao, Fang, Hui, Ke, Xiaoyan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7137314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32252695
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02562-8
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author Jin, Peiying
Wang, Yao
Li, Yun
Xiao, Yunhua
Li, Chunyan
Qiu, Nana
Weng, Jiao
Fang, Hui
Ke, Xiaoyan
author_facet Jin, Peiying
Wang, Yao
Li, Yun
Xiao, Yunhua
Li, Chunyan
Qiu, Nana
Weng, Jiao
Fang, Hui
Ke, Xiaoyan
author_sort Jin, Peiying
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Fairness has received much attention in our society. At present, the findings regarding fair decision-making in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) are inconsistent. Previous studies have shown that the fair decision-making of typically developing children is influenced by theory of mind (ToM) and executive functioning (EF). As those with HF-ASD have defects in both domains, this study aims to explore the differences in fair decision-making between children and adolescents with HF-ASD and those with typical development (TD). METHODS: We used a simple ultimatum game (UG) to explore 31 children and adolescents with HF-ASD and 38 children and adolescents with TD. T tests and chi-square tests were used to compare group differences, and Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyse the mechanisms influencing the two groups’ unfair acceptance rates. RESULTS: The results show that children with HF-ASD are more likely to accept unfair offers, but for adolescents, the difference is not significant. Regression analysis showed that the interaction between the behavior regulation index (BRI) and age could negatively predict the unfair acceptance rate of children and adolescents with HF-ASD. Working memory and ToM can negatively predict the unfair acceptance rate of those with TD. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the development of fair decision-making by children and adolescents with HF-ASD falls far behind that of those with TD. Intuition processes play a dominant role in the fair decision-making processes of children and adolescents with HF-ASD, and we believe that comorbidity, age, experience and emotional management are important factors influencing the fair decision-making of individuals with HF-ASD.
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spelling pubmed-71373142020-04-11 The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories Jin, Peiying Wang, Yao Li, Yun Xiao, Yunhua Li, Chunyan Qiu, Nana Weng, Jiao Fang, Hui Ke, Xiaoyan BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: Fairness has received much attention in our society. At present, the findings regarding fair decision-making in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) are inconsistent. Previous studies have shown that the fair decision-making of typically developing children is influenced by theory of mind (ToM) and executive functioning (EF). As those with HF-ASD have defects in both domains, this study aims to explore the differences in fair decision-making between children and adolescents with HF-ASD and those with typical development (TD). METHODS: We used a simple ultimatum game (UG) to explore 31 children and adolescents with HF-ASD and 38 children and adolescents with TD. T tests and chi-square tests were used to compare group differences, and Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyse the mechanisms influencing the two groups’ unfair acceptance rates. RESULTS: The results show that children with HF-ASD are more likely to accept unfair offers, but for adolescents, the difference is not significant. Regression analysis showed that the interaction between the behavior regulation index (BRI) and age could negatively predict the unfair acceptance rate of children and adolescents with HF-ASD. Working memory and ToM can negatively predict the unfair acceptance rate of those with TD. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the development of fair decision-making by children and adolescents with HF-ASD falls far behind that of those with TD. Intuition processes play a dominant role in the fair decision-making processes of children and adolescents with HF-ASD, and we believe that comorbidity, age, experience and emotional management are important factors influencing the fair decision-making of individuals with HF-ASD. BioMed Central 2020-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7137314/ /pubmed/32252695 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02562-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jin, Peiying
Wang, Yao
Li, Yun
Xiao, Yunhua
Li, Chunyan
Qiu, Nana
Weng, Jiao
Fang, Hui
Ke, Xiaoyan
The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
title The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
title_full The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
title_fullStr The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
title_full_unstemmed The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
title_short The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
title_sort fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7137314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32252695
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02562-8
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