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Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies
Estrogen signaling plays an important role in pituitary development and function. In sensitive rat or mice strains of both sexes, estrogen treatments promote lactotropic cell proliferation and induce the formation of pituitary adenomas (dominantly prolactin or growth-hormone-secreting ones). In male...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7139613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32188093 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062024 |
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author | Šošić-Jurjević, Branka Ajdžanović, Vladimir Miljić, Dragana Trifunović, Svetlana Filipović, Branko Stanković, Sanja Bolevich, Sergey Jakovljević, Vladimir Milošević, Verica |
author_facet | Šošić-Jurjević, Branka Ajdžanović, Vladimir Miljić, Dragana Trifunović, Svetlana Filipović, Branko Stanković, Sanja Bolevich, Sergey Jakovljević, Vladimir Milošević, Verica |
author_sort | Šošić-Jurjević, Branka |
collection | PubMed |
description | Estrogen signaling plays an important role in pituitary development and function. In sensitive rat or mice strains of both sexes, estrogen treatments promote lactotropic cell proliferation and induce the formation of pituitary adenomas (dominantly prolactin or growth-hormone-secreting ones). In male patients receiving estrogen, treatment does not necessarily result in pituitary hyperplasia, hyperprolactinemia or adenoma development. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the mechanisms of estrogen action upon their application in male animal models comparing it with available data in human subjects. Sex-specific molecular targets of estrogen action in lactotropic (PRL) cells are highlighted in the context of their proliferative and secretory activity. In addition, putative effects of estradiol on the cellular/tumor microenvironment and the contribution of postnatal pituitary progenitor/stem cells and transdifferentiation processes to prolactinoma development have been analyzed. Finally, estrogen-induced morphological and hormone-secreting changes in pituitary thyrotropic (TSH) and adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) cells are discussed, as well as the putative role of the thyroid and/or glucocorticoid hormones in prolactinoma development, based on the current scarce literature. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7139613 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71396132020-04-10 Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies Šošić-Jurjević, Branka Ajdžanović, Vladimir Miljić, Dragana Trifunović, Svetlana Filipović, Branko Stanković, Sanja Bolevich, Sergey Jakovljević, Vladimir Milošević, Verica Int J Mol Sci Review Estrogen signaling plays an important role in pituitary development and function. In sensitive rat or mice strains of both sexes, estrogen treatments promote lactotropic cell proliferation and induce the formation of pituitary adenomas (dominantly prolactin or growth-hormone-secreting ones). In male patients receiving estrogen, treatment does not necessarily result in pituitary hyperplasia, hyperprolactinemia or adenoma development. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the mechanisms of estrogen action upon their application in male animal models comparing it with available data in human subjects. Sex-specific molecular targets of estrogen action in lactotropic (PRL) cells are highlighted in the context of their proliferative and secretory activity. In addition, putative effects of estradiol on the cellular/tumor microenvironment and the contribution of postnatal pituitary progenitor/stem cells and transdifferentiation processes to prolactinoma development have been analyzed. Finally, estrogen-induced morphological and hormone-secreting changes in pituitary thyrotropic (TSH) and adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) cells are discussed, as well as the putative role of the thyroid and/or glucocorticoid hormones in prolactinoma development, based on the current scarce literature. MDPI 2020-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7139613/ /pubmed/32188093 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062024 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Šošić-Jurjević, Branka Ajdžanović, Vladimir Miljić, Dragana Trifunović, Svetlana Filipović, Branko Stanković, Sanja Bolevich, Sergey Jakovljević, Vladimir Milošević, Verica Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies |
title | Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies |
title_full | Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies |
title_fullStr | Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies |
title_short | Pituitary Hyperplasia, Hormonal Changes and Prolactinoma Development in Males Exposed to Estrogens—An Insight From Translational Studies |
title_sort | pituitary hyperplasia, hormonal changes and prolactinoma development in males exposed to estrogens—an insight from translational studies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7139613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32188093 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062024 |
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