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Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation

Ischaemic cardiac disease is associated with a loss of cardiomyocytes and an intrinsic lack of myocardial renewal. Recent work has shown that the heart retains limited cardiomyocyte proliferation, which remains inefficient when facing pathological conditions. While broadly active in the neonatal mam...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Balbi, Carolina, Costa, Ambra, Barile, Lucio, Bollini, Sveva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7140681/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32183455
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030724
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author Balbi, Carolina
Costa, Ambra
Barile, Lucio
Bollini, Sveva
author_facet Balbi, Carolina
Costa, Ambra
Barile, Lucio
Bollini, Sveva
author_sort Balbi, Carolina
collection PubMed
description Ischaemic cardiac disease is associated with a loss of cardiomyocytes and an intrinsic lack of myocardial renewal. Recent work has shown that the heart retains limited cardiomyocyte proliferation, which remains inefficient when facing pathological conditions. While broadly active in the neonatal mammalian heart, this mechanism becomes quiescent soon after birth, suggesting loss of regenerative potential with maturation into adulthood. A key question is whether this temporary regenerative window can be enhanced via appropriate stimulation and further extended. Recently the search for novel therapeutic approaches for heart disease has centred on stem cell biology. The “paracrine effect” has been proposed as a promising strategy to boost endogenous reparative and regenerative mechanisms from within the cardiac tissue by exploiting the modulatory potential of soluble stem cell-secreted factors. As such, growing interest has been specifically addressed towards stem/progenitor cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can be easily isolated in vitro from cell-conditioned medium. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the current paradigm on cardiac repair and regeneration, with a specific focus on the role and mechanism(s) of paracrine action of EVs from cardiac stromal progenitors as compared to exogenous stem cells in order to discuss the optimal choice for future therapy. In addition, the challenges to overcoming translational EV biology from bench to bedside for future cardiac regenerative medicine will be discussed.
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spelling pubmed-71406812020-04-13 Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation Balbi, Carolina Costa, Ambra Barile, Lucio Bollini, Sveva Cells Review Ischaemic cardiac disease is associated with a loss of cardiomyocytes and an intrinsic lack of myocardial renewal. Recent work has shown that the heart retains limited cardiomyocyte proliferation, which remains inefficient when facing pathological conditions. While broadly active in the neonatal mammalian heart, this mechanism becomes quiescent soon after birth, suggesting loss of regenerative potential with maturation into adulthood. A key question is whether this temporary regenerative window can be enhanced via appropriate stimulation and further extended. Recently the search for novel therapeutic approaches for heart disease has centred on stem cell biology. The “paracrine effect” has been proposed as a promising strategy to boost endogenous reparative and regenerative mechanisms from within the cardiac tissue by exploiting the modulatory potential of soluble stem cell-secreted factors. As such, growing interest has been specifically addressed towards stem/progenitor cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can be easily isolated in vitro from cell-conditioned medium. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the current paradigm on cardiac repair and regeneration, with a specific focus on the role and mechanism(s) of paracrine action of EVs from cardiac stromal progenitors as compared to exogenous stem cells in order to discuss the optimal choice for future therapy. In addition, the challenges to overcoming translational EV biology from bench to bedside for future cardiac regenerative medicine will be discussed. MDPI 2020-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7140681/ /pubmed/32183455 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030724 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Balbi, Carolina
Costa, Ambra
Barile, Lucio
Bollini, Sveva
Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation
title Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation
title_full Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation
title_fullStr Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation
title_full_unstemmed Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation
title_short Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation
title_sort message in a bottle: upgrading cardiac repair into rejuvenation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7140681/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32183455
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030724
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