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A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas

1. As a highly endangered species, the giant panda (panda) has attracted significant attention in the past decades. Considerable efforts have been put on panda conservation and reproduction, offering the promising outcome of maintaining the population size of pandas. To evaluate the effectiveness of...

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Autores principales: Chen, Peng, Swarup, Pranjal, Matkowski, Wojciech Michal, Kong, Adams Wai Kin, Han, Su, Zhang, Zhihe, Rong, Hou
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32274009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6152
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author Chen, Peng
Swarup, Pranjal
Matkowski, Wojciech Michal
Kong, Adams Wai Kin
Han, Su
Zhang, Zhihe
Rong, Hou
author_facet Chen, Peng
Swarup, Pranjal
Matkowski, Wojciech Michal
Kong, Adams Wai Kin
Han, Su
Zhang, Zhihe
Rong, Hou
author_sort Chen, Peng
collection PubMed
description 1. As a highly endangered species, the giant panda (panda) has attracted significant attention in the past decades. Considerable efforts have been put on panda conservation and reproduction, offering the promising outcome of maintaining the population size of pandas. To evaluate the effectiveness of conservation and management strategies, recognizing individual pandas is critical. However, it remains a challenging task because the existing methods, such as traditional tracking method, discrimination method based on footprint identification, and molecular biology method, are invasive, inaccurate, expensive, or challenging to perform. The advances of imaging technologies have led to the wide applications of digital images and videos in panda conservation and management, which makes it possible for individual panda recognition in a noninvasive manner by using image‐based panda face recognition method. 2. In recent years, deep learning has achieved great success in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition. For panda face recognition, a fully automatic deep learning algorithm which consists of a sequence of deep neural networks (DNNs) used for panda face detection, segmentation, alignment, and identity prediction is developed in this study. To develop and evaluate the algorithm, the largest panda image dataset containing 6,441 images from 218 different pandas, which is 39.78% of captive pandas in the world, is established. 3. The algorithm achieved 96.27% accuracy in panda recognition and 100% accuracy in detection. 4. This study shows that panda faces can be used for panda recognition. It enables the use of the cameras installed in their habitat for monitoring their population and behavior. This noninvasive approach is much more cost‐effective than the approaches used in the previous panda surveys.
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spelling pubmed-71410062020-04-09 A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas Chen, Peng Swarup, Pranjal Matkowski, Wojciech Michal Kong, Adams Wai Kin Han, Su Zhang, Zhihe Rong, Hou Ecol Evol Original Research 1. As a highly endangered species, the giant panda (panda) has attracted significant attention in the past decades. Considerable efforts have been put on panda conservation and reproduction, offering the promising outcome of maintaining the population size of pandas. To evaluate the effectiveness of conservation and management strategies, recognizing individual pandas is critical. However, it remains a challenging task because the existing methods, such as traditional tracking method, discrimination method based on footprint identification, and molecular biology method, are invasive, inaccurate, expensive, or challenging to perform. The advances of imaging technologies have led to the wide applications of digital images and videos in panda conservation and management, which makes it possible for individual panda recognition in a noninvasive manner by using image‐based panda face recognition method. 2. In recent years, deep learning has achieved great success in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition. For panda face recognition, a fully automatic deep learning algorithm which consists of a sequence of deep neural networks (DNNs) used for panda face detection, segmentation, alignment, and identity prediction is developed in this study. To develop and evaluate the algorithm, the largest panda image dataset containing 6,441 images from 218 different pandas, which is 39.78% of captive pandas in the world, is established. 3. The algorithm achieved 96.27% accuracy in panda recognition and 100% accuracy in detection. 4. This study shows that panda faces can be used for panda recognition. It enables the use of the cameras installed in their habitat for monitoring their population and behavior. This noninvasive approach is much more cost‐effective than the approaches used in the previous panda surveys. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7141006/ /pubmed/32274009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6152 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Chen, Peng
Swarup, Pranjal
Matkowski, Wojciech Michal
Kong, Adams Wai Kin
Han, Su
Zhang, Zhihe
Rong, Hou
A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
title A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
title_full A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
title_fullStr A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
title_full_unstemmed A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
title_short A study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
title_sort study on giant panda recognition based on images of a large proportion of captive pandas
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32274009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6152
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