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Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Cardiopulmonary fitness and low calorie diets have been shown to reduce inflammation but few studies have been conducted in individuals with elevated blood pressure (BP) in a randomized intervention setting. Thereby, adhesion biomarkers, e.g., soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sIC...

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Autores principales: Wagner, En-Young N., Hong, Suzi, Wilson, Kathleen L., Calfas, Karen J., Rock, Cheryl L., Redwine, Laura S., von Känel, Roland, Mills, Paul J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141349/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32121255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030655
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author Wagner, En-Young N.
Hong, Suzi
Wilson, Kathleen L.
Calfas, Karen J.
Rock, Cheryl L.
Redwine, Laura S.
von Känel, Roland
Mills, Paul J.
author_facet Wagner, En-Young N.
Hong, Suzi
Wilson, Kathleen L.
Calfas, Karen J.
Rock, Cheryl L.
Redwine, Laura S.
von Känel, Roland
Mills, Paul J.
author_sort Wagner, En-Young N.
collection PubMed
description Background: Cardiopulmonary fitness and low calorie diets have been shown to reduce inflammation but few studies have been conducted in individuals with elevated blood pressure (BP) in a randomized intervention setting. Thereby, adhesion biomarkers, e.g., soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-3, have not been examined so far. Methods: Sixty-eight sedentary prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive individuals (mean age ± SEM: 45 ± 1 years; mean BP: 141/84 ± 1/1 mmHg) were randomized to one of three 12-week intervention groups: cardio training and caloric reduction, cardio training alone, or wait-list control group. Plasma levels of inflammatory, adhesion and prothrombotic biomarkers were assessed. In a second step, intervention groups were combined to one sample and multivariate regression analyses were applied in order to account for exercise and diet behavior changes. Results: There were no significant differences among the intervention groups. In the combined sample, greater caloric reduction was associated with a larger increase of sICAM-3 (p = 0.026) and decrease of C-reactive protein (p = 0.018) as a result of the interventions. More cardio training was associated with increases of sICAM-3 (p = 0.046) as well as interleukin-6 (p = 0.004) and a decrease of tumor necrosis factor-α (p = 0.017) levels. Higher BP predicted higher plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (p = 0.001), and greater fitness predicted lower PAI-1 levels (p = 0.006) after the intervention. Conclusions: In prehypertensive and hypertensive patients, plasma levels of the adhesion molecule sICAM-3 and inflammatory biomarkers have different response patterns to cardio training with and without caloric reduction. Such anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects may have implications for the prevention of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease among individuals at increased risk.
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spelling pubmed-71413492020-04-10 Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Wagner, En-Young N. Hong, Suzi Wilson, Kathleen L. Calfas, Karen J. Rock, Cheryl L. Redwine, Laura S. von Känel, Roland Mills, Paul J. J Clin Med Article Background: Cardiopulmonary fitness and low calorie diets have been shown to reduce inflammation but few studies have been conducted in individuals with elevated blood pressure (BP) in a randomized intervention setting. Thereby, adhesion biomarkers, e.g., soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-3, have not been examined so far. Methods: Sixty-eight sedentary prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive individuals (mean age ± SEM: 45 ± 1 years; mean BP: 141/84 ± 1/1 mmHg) were randomized to one of three 12-week intervention groups: cardio training and caloric reduction, cardio training alone, or wait-list control group. Plasma levels of inflammatory, adhesion and prothrombotic biomarkers were assessed. In a second step, intervention groups were combined to one sample and multivariate regression analyses were applied in order to account for exercise and diet behavior changes. Results: There were no significant differences among the intervention groups. In the combined sample, greater caloric reduction was associated with a larger increase of sICAM-3 (p = 0.026) and decrease of C-reactive protein (p = 0.018) as a result of the interventions. More cardio training was associated with increases of sICAM-3 (p = 0.046) as well as interleukin-6 (p = 0.004) and a decrease of tumor necrosis factor-α (p = 0.017) levels. Higher BP predicted higher plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (p = 0.001), and greater fitness predicted lower PAI-1 levels (p = 0.006) after the intervention. Conclusions: In prehypertensive and hypertensive patients, plasma levels of the adhesion molecule sICAM-3 and inflammatory biomarkers have different response patterns to cardio training with and without caloric reduction. Such anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects may have implications for the prevention of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease among individuals at increased risk. MDPI 2020-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7141349/ /pubmed/32121255 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030655 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wagner, En-Young N.
Hong, Suzi
Wilson, Kathleen L.
Calfas, Karen J.
Rock, Cheryl L.
Redwine, Laura S.
von Känel, Roland
Mills, Paul J.
Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort effects of caloric intake and aerobic activity in individuals with prehypertension and hypertension on levels of inflammatory, adhesion and prothrombotic biomarkers—secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141349/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32121255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030655
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