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Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)

The epicenter of the original outbreak in China has high male smoking rates of around 50%, and early reported death rates have an emphasis on older males, therefore the likelihood of smokers being overrepresented in fatalities is high. In Iran, China, Italy, and South Korea, female smoking rates are...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brake, Samuel James, Barnsley, Kathryn, Lu, Wenying, McAlinden, Kielan Darcy, Eapen, Mathew Suji, Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141517/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32244852
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030841
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author Brake, Samuel James
Barnsley, Kathryn
Lu, Wenying
McAlinden, Kielan Darcy
Eapen, Mathew Suji
Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh
author_facet Brake, Samuel James
Barnsley, Kathryn
Lu, Wenying
McAlinden, Kielan Darcy
Eapen, Mathew Suji
Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh
author_sort Brake, Samuel James
collection PubMed
description The epicenter of the original outbreak in China has high male smoking rates of around 50%, and early reported death rates have an emphasis on older males, therefore the likelihood of smokers being overrepresented in fatalities is high. In Iran, China, Italy, and South Korea, female smoking rates are much lower than males. Fewer females have contracted the virus. If this analysis is correct, then Indonesia would be expected to begin experiencing high rates of Covid-19 because its male smoking rate is over 60% (Tobacco Atlas). Smokers are vulnerable to respiratory viruses. Smoking can upregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, the known receptor for both the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the human respiratory coronavirus NL638. This could also be true for new electronic smoking devices such as electronic cigarettes and “heat-not-burn” IQOS devices. ACE2 could be a novel adhesion molecule for SARS-CoV-2 causing Covid-19 and a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of fatal microbial infections, and therefore it should be fast tracked and prioritized for research and investigation. Data on smoking status should be collected on all identified cases of Covid-19.
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spelling pubmed-71415172020-04-15 Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Brake, Samuel James Barnsley, Kathryn Lu, Wenying McAlinden, Kielan Darcy Eapen, Mathew Suji Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh J Clin Med Editorial The epicenter of the original outbreak in China has high male smoking rates of around 50%, and early reported death rates have an emphasis on older males, therefore the likelihood of smokers being overrepresented in fatalities is high. In Iran, China, Italy, and South Korea, female smoking rates are much lower than males. Fewer females have contracted the virus. If this analysis is correct, then Indonesia would be expected to begin experiencing high rates of Covid-19 because its male smoking rate is over 60% (Tobacco Atlas). Smokers are vulnerable to respiratory viruses. Smoking can upregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, the known receptor for both the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the human respiratory coronavirus NL638. This could also be true for new electronic smoking devices such as electronic cigarettes and “heat-not-burn” IQOS devices. ACE2 could be a novel adhesion molecule for SARS-CoV-2 causing Covid-19 and a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of fatal microbial infections, and therefore it should be fast tracked and prioritized for research and investigation. Data on smoking status should be collected on all identified cases of Covid-19. MDPI 2020-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7141517/ /pubmed/32244852 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030841 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Editorial
Brake, Samuel James
Barnsley, Kathryn
Lu, Wenying
McAlinden, Kielan Darcy
Eapen, Mathew Suji
Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh
Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
title Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
title_full Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
title_fullStr Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
title_full_unstemmed Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
title_short Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
title_sort smoking upregulates angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor: a potential adhesion site for novel coronavirus sars-cov-2 (covid-19)
topic Editorial
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141517/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32244852
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030841
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