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Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics

Staphylococcus aureus carries a collection of mobile genetic elements that often harbor virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Since the introduction of antibiotics, plasmids have become a major genetic element responsible for the distribution of antimicrobial resistance. Under antimicrobial...

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Autores principales: LaBreck, Patrick T., Merrell, D. Scott
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7142362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32053737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1005
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author LaBreck, Patrick T.
Merrell, D. Scott
author_facet LaBreck, Patrick T.
Merrell, D. Scott
author_sort LaBreck, Patrick T.
collection PubMed
description Staphylococcus aureus carries a collection of mobile genetic elements that often harbor virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Since the introduction of antibiotics, plasmids have become a major genetic element responsible for the distribution of antimicrobial resistance. Under antimicrobial selection, resistance plasmids are maintained within bacterial populations as a means to ensure survival. However, in the absence of selection, large plasmids can be lost due to the fitness costs associated with harboring these genetic elements. pC02 is a previously identified multidrug resistance, conjugative plasmid that is found in S. aureus. In addition to antibiotic resistance, pC02 also carries genes known to be associated with antiseptic resistance. Among these, we previously characterized the contribution of qacA to pC02 mediated reduced chlorhexidine susceptibility. Herein, we demonstrate that pC02 also mediates triclosan resistance, likely due to the presence of fabI, a known triclosan resistance gene. Moreover, we demonstrate that conjugative transfer of pC02 increases triclosan resistance in recipient cells. Competition assays demonstrated a fitness cost associated with carriage of the large pC02 plasmid. However, subinhibitory concentrations of either chlorhexidine or triclosan abrogated this fitness cost. Given the widespread use of these antiseptics, both of which accumulate in wastewater and other environmental reservoirs, indiscriminate use of antiseptics likely imposes a constant selective pressure that promotes maintenance of antimicrobial resistance factors within S. aureus.
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spelling pubmed-71423622020-04-10 Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics LaBreck, Patrick T. Merrell, D. Scott Microbiologyopen Original Articles Staphylococcus aureus carries a collection of mobile genetic elements that often harbor virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Since the introduction of antibiotics, plasmids have become a major genetic element responsible for the distribution of antimicrobial resistance. Under antimicrobial selection, resistance plasmids are maintained within bacterial populations as a means to ensure survival. However, in the absence of selection, large plasmids can be lost due to the fitness costs associated with harboring these genetic elements. pC02 is a previously identified multidrug resistance, conjugative plasmid that is found in S. aureus. In addition to antibiotic resistance, pC02 also carries genes known to be associated with antiseptic resistance. Among these, we previously characterized the contribution of qacA to pC02 mediated reduced chlorhexidine susceptibility. Herein, we demonstrate that pC02 also mediates triclosan resistance, likely due to the presence of fabI, a known triclosan resistance gene. Moreover, we demonstrate that conjugative transfer of pC02 increases triclosan resistance in recipient cells. Competition assays demonstrated a fitness cost associated with carriage of the large pC02 plasmid. However, subinhibitory concentrations of either chlorhexidine or triclosan abrogated this fitness cost. Given the widespread use of these antiseptics, both of which accumulate in wastewater and other environmental reservoirs, indiscriminate use of antiseptics likely imposes a constant selective pressure that promotes maintenance of antimicrobial resistance factors within S. aureus. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-02-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7142362/ /pubmed/32053737 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1005 Text en © 2020 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Original Articles
LaBreck, Patrick T.
Merrell, D. Scott
Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
title Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
title_full Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
title_fullStr Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
title_full_unstemmed Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
title_short Fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
title_sort fitness costs associated with carriage of a large staphylococcal plasmid are reduced by subinhibitory concentrations of antiseptics
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7142362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32053737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1005
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