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Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method
The use of narrow titanium dental implants (NDI) for small ridges, reduced interdental space, or missing lateral incisors can be a viable option when compared to the conventional wider dental implants. Furthermore, in many cases, standard diameter implant placement may not be possible without grafti...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7143173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245138 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061429 |
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author | Pérez, R.A. Gargallo, J. Altuna, P. Herrero-Climent, M. Gil, F.J. |
author_facet | Pérez, R.A. Gargallo, J. Altuna, P. Herrero-Climent, M. Gil, F.J. |
author_sort | Pérez, R.A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of narrow titanium dental implants (NDI) for small ridges, reduced interdental space, or missing lateral incisors can be a viable option when compared to the conventional wider dental implants. Furthermore, in many cases, standard diameter implant placement may not be possible without grafting procedures, which increases the healing time, cost, and morbidity. The aim of this study was to analyze the mechanical viability of the current narrow implants and how narrow implants can be improved. Different commercially available implants (n = 150) were tested to determine maximum strength, strain to fracture, microhardness, residual stress, and fatigue obtaining the stress–number of cycles to fracture (SN) curve. Fractography was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that when the titanium was hardened by the addition of 15% of Zr or 12% cold worked, the fatigue limit was higher than the commercially pure grade 4 Ti without hardening treatment. Grade 4 titanium without hardening treatment in narrow dental implants can present fractures by fatigue. These narrow implants are subjected to high mechanical stresses and the mechanical properties of titanium do not meet the minimal requirements, which lead to frequent fractures. New hardening treatments allow for the mechanical limitations of conventional narrow implants to be overcome in dynamic conditions. These hardening treatments allow for the design of narrow dental implants with enhanced fatigue life and long-term behavior. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7143173 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71431732020-04-14 Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method Pérez, R.A. Gargallo, J. Altuna, P. Herrero-Climent, M. Gil, F.J. Materials (Basel) Article The use of narrow titanium dental implants (NDI) for small ridges, reduced interdental space, or missing lateral incisors can be a viable option when compared to the conventional wider dental implants. Furthermore, in many cases, standard diameter implant placement may not be possible without grafting procedures, which increases the healing time, cost, and morbidity. The aim of this study was to analyze the mechanical viability of the current narrow implants and how narrow implants can be improved. Different commercially available implants (n = 150) were tested to determine maximum strength, strain to fracture, microhardness, residual stress, and fatigue obtaining the stress–number of cycles to fracture (SN) curve. Fractography was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that when the titanium was hardened by the addition of 15% of Zr or 12% cold worked, the fatigue limit was higher than the commercially pure grade 4 Ti without hardening treatment. Grade 4 titanium without hardening treatment in narrow dental implants can present fractures by fatigue. These narrow implants are subjected to high mechanical stresses and the mechanical properties of titanium do not meet the minimal requirements, which lead to frequent fractures. New hardening treatments allow for the mechanical limitations of conventional narrow implants to be overcome in dynamic conditions. These hardening treatments allow for the design of narrow dental implants with enhanced fatigue life and long-term behavior. MDPI 2020-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7143173/ /pubmed/32245138 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061429 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pérez, R.A. Gargallo, J. Altuna, P. Herrero-Climent, M. Gil, F.J. Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method |
title | Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method |
title_full | Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method |
title_fullStr | Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method |
title_full_unstemmed | Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method |
title_short | Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method |
title_sort | fatigue of narrow dental implants: influence of the hardening method |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7143173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245138 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061429 |
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