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New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing

Air pollution consists of highly variable and complex mixtures recognized as major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vast number of chemicals, coupled with limitations surrounding epidemiological and animal studies, has necessitated the development of new approach methods (NAMs)...

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Autores principales: Zavala, Jose, Freedman, Anastasia N., Szilagyi, John T., Jaspers, Ilona, Wambaugh, John F., Higuchi, Mark, Rager, Julia E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7143849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32210027
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062124
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author Zavala, Jose
Freedman, Anastasia N.
Szilagyi, John T.
Jaspers, Ilona
Wambaugh, John F.
Higuchi, Mark
Rager, Julia E.
author_facet Zavala, Jose
Freedman, Anastasia N.
Szilagyi, John T.
Jaspers, Ilona
Wambaugh, John F.
Higuchi, Mark
Rager, Julia E.
author_sort Zavala, Jose
collection PubMed
description Air pollution consists of highly variable and complex mixtures recognized as major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vast number of chemicals, coupled with limitations surrounding epidemiological and animal studies, has necessitated the development of new approach methods (NAMs) to evaluate air pollution toxicity. These alternative approaches include in vitro (cell-based) models, wherein toxicity of test atmospheres can be evaluated with increased efficiency compared to in vivo studies. In vitro exposure systems have recently been developed with the goal of evaluating air pollutant-induced toxicity; though the specific design parameters implemented in these NAMs-based studies remain in flux. This review aims to outline important design parameters to consider when using in vitro methods to evaluate air pollutant toxicity, with the goal of providing increased accuracy, reproducibility, and effectiveness when incorporating in vitro data into human health evaluations. This review is unique in that experimental considerations and lessons learned are provided, as gathered from first-hand experience developing and testing in vitro models coupled to exposure systems. Reviewed design aspects include cell models, cell exposure conditions, exposure chambers, and toxicity endpoints. Strategies are also discussed to incorporate in vitro findings into the context of in vivo toxicity and overall risk assessment.
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spelling pubmed-71438492020-04-14 New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing Zavala, Jose Freedman, Anastasia N. Szilagyi, John T. Jaspers, Ilona Wambaugh, John F. Higuchi, Mark Rager, Julia E. Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Air pollution consists of highly variable and complex mixtures recognized as major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vast number of chemicals, coupled with limitations surrounding epidemiological and animal studies, has necessitated the development of new approach methods (NAMs) to evaluate air pollution toxicity. These alternative approaches include in vitro (cell-based) models, wherein toxicity of test atmospheres can be evaluated with increased efficiency compared to in vivo studies. In vitro exposure systems have recently been developed with the goal of evaluating air pollutant-induced toxicity; though the specific design parameters implemented in these NAMs-based studies remain in flux. This review aims to outline important design parameters to consider when using in vitro methods to evaluate air pollutant toxicity, with the goal of providing increased accuracy, reproducibility, and effectiveness when incorporating in vitro data into human health evaluations. This review is unique in that experimental considerations and lessons learned are provided, as gathered from first-hand experience developing and testing in vitro models coupled to exposure systems. Reviewed design aspects include cell models, cell exposure conditions, exposure chambers, and toxicity endpoints. Strategies are also discussed to incorporate in vitro findings into the context of in vivo toxicity and overall risk assessment. MDPI 2020-03-23 2020-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7143849/ /pubmed/32210027 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062124 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zavala, Jose
Freedman, Anastasia N.
Szilagyi, John T.
Jaspers, Ilona
Wambaugh, John F.
Higuchi, Mark
Rager, Julia E.
New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing
title New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing
title_full New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing
title_fullStr New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing
title_full_unstemmed New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing
title_short New Approach Methods to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollutants: Critical Design Considerations for In Vitro Exposure Testing
title_sort new approach methods to evaluate health risks of air pollutants: critical design considerations for in vitro exposure testing
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7143849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32210027
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062124
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