Cargando…

Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches

Traumatic brain injury represents physical damage to the brain tissue that induces transitory or permanent neurological disabilities. The traumatic injury activates an important inflammatory response, followed by a cascade of events that lead to neuronal loss and further brain damage. Maintaining pr...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schepici, Giovanni, Silvestro, Serena, Bramanti, Placido, Mazzon, Emanuela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7143935/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32204311
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56030137
_version_ 1783519731089670144
author Schepici, Giovanni
Silvestro, Serena
Bramanti, Placido
Mazzon, Emanuela
author_facet Schepici, Giovanni
Silvestro, Serena
Bramanti, Placido
Mazzon, Emanuela
author_sort Schepici, Giovanni
collection PubMed
description Traumatic brain injury represents physical damage to the brain tissue that induces transitory or permanent neurological disabilities. The traumatic injury activates an important inflammatory response, followed by a cascade of events that lead to neuronal loss and further brain damage. Maintaining proper ventilation, a normal level of oxygenation, and adequate blood pressure are the main therapeutic strategies performed after injury. Surgery is often necessary for patients with more serious injuries. However, to date, there are no therapies that completely resolve the brain damage suffered following the trauma. Stem cells, due to their capacity to differentiate into neuronal cells and through releasing neurotrophic factors, seem to be a valid strategy to use in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of clinical trials, aimed to evaluate the use of stem cell-based therapy in traumatic brain injury. These studies aim to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cells in this disease. The results available so far are few; therefore, future studies need in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of stem cell transplantation in traumatic brain injury.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7143935
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-71439352020-04-13 Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches Schepici, Giovanni Silvestro, Serena Bramanti, Placido Mazzon, Emanuela Medicina (Kaunas) Review Traumatic brain injury represents physical damage to the brain tissue that induces transitory or permanent neurological disabilities. The traumatic injury activates an important inflammatory response, followed by a cascade of events that lead to neuronal loss and further brain damage. Maintaining proper ventilation, a normal level of oxygenation, and adequate blood pressure are the main therapeutic strategies performed after injury. Surgery is often necessary for patients with more serious injuries. However, to date, there are no therapies that completely resolve the brain damage suffered following the trauma. Stem cells, due to their capacity to differentiate into neuronal cells and through releasing neurotrophic factors, seem to be a valid strategy to use in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of clinical trials, aimed to evaluate the use of stem cell-based therapy in traumatic brain injury. These studies aim to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cells in this disease. The results available so far are few; therefore, future studies need in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of stem cell transplantation in traumatic brain injury. MDPI 2020-03-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7143935/ /pubmed/32204311 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56030137 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Schepici, Giovanni
Silvestro, Serena
Bramanti, Placido
Mazzon, Emanuela
Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches
title Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches
title_full Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches
title_fullStr Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches
title_full_unstemmed Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches
title_short Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cells: An Overview of Clinical Trials, the Current Treatments and Future Therapeutic Approaches
title_sort traumatic brain injury and stem cells: an overview of clinical trials, the current treatments and future therapeutic approaches
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7143935/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32204311
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56030137
work_keys_str_mv AT schepicigiovanni traumaticbraininjuryandstemcellsanoverviewofclinicaltrialsthecurrenttreatmentsandfuturetherapeuticapproaches
AT silvestroserena traumaticbraininjuryandstemcellsanoverviewofclinicaltrialsthecurrenttreatmentsandfuturetherapeuticapproaches
AT bramantiplacido traumaticbraininjuryandstemcellsanoverviewofclinicaltrialsthecurrenttreatmentsandfuturetherapeuticapproaches
AT mazzonemanuela traumaticbraininjuryandstemcellsanoverviewofclinicaltrialsthecurrenttreatmentsandfuturetherapeuticapproaches