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Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory
Memory for verbal material improves when words form familiar chunks. But how does the improvement due to chunking come about? Two possible explanations are that the input might be actively recoded into chunks, each of which takes up less memory capacity than items not forming part of a chunk (a form...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Psychological Association
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144498/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31566390 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762 |
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author | Norris, Dennis Kalm, Kristjan Hall, Jane |
author_facet | Norris, Dennis Kalm, Kristjan Hall, Jane |
author_sort | Norris, Dennis |
collection | PubMed |
description | Memory for verbal material improves when words form familiar chunks. But how does the improvement due to chunking come about? Two possible explanations are that the input might be actively recoded into chunks, each of which takes up less memory capacity than items not forming part of a chunk (a form of data compression), or that chunking is based on redintegration. If chunking is achieved by redintegration, representations of chunks exist only in long-term memory (LTM) and help to reconstructing degraded traces in short-term memory (STM). In 6 experiments using 2-alternative forced choice recognition and immediate serial recall we find that when chunks are small (2 words) they display a pattern suggestive of redintegration, whereas larger chunks (3 words), show a pattern consistent with data compression. This concurs with previous data showing that there is a cost involved in recoding material into chunks in STM. With smaller chunks this cost seems to outweigh the benefits of recoding words into chunks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7144498 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | American Psychological Association |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71444982020-04-13 Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory Norris, Dennis Kalm, Kristjan Hall, Jane J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn Research Articles Memory for verbal material improves when words form familiar chunks. But how does the improvement due to chunking come about? Two possible explanations are that the input might be actively recoded into chunks, each of which takes up less memory capacity than items not forming part of a chunk (a form of data compression), or that chunking is based on redintegration. If chunking is achieved by redintegration, representations of chunks exist only in long-term memory (LTM) and help to reconstructing degraded traces in short-term memory (STM). In 6 experiments using 2-alternative forced choice recognition and immediate serial recall we find that when chunks are small (2 words) they display a pattern suggestive of redintegration, whereas larger chunks (3 words), show a pattern consistent with data compression. This concurs with previous data showing that there is a cost involved in recoding material into chunks in STM. With smaller chunks this cost seems to outweigh the benefits of recoding words into chunks. American Psychological Association 2019-09-30 2020-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7144498/ /pubmed/31566390 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762 Text en © 2019 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article has been published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s). Author(s) grant(s) the American Psychological Association the exclusive right to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Norris, Dennis Kalm, Kristjan Hall, Jane Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory |
title | Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory |
title_full | Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory |
title_fullStr | Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory |
title_full_unstemmed | Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory |
title_short | Chunking and Redintegration in Verbal Short-Term Memory |
title_sort | chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144498/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31566390 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762 |
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