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Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles
The individual toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper and zinc for common carp juveniles was evaluated in a direct comparison in two experimental setups. First, fish were exposed for 10 days to different metal concentrations in order to link metal bioaccumulation to LC(50) values (concentra...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7145017/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220485 |
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author | Delahaut, Vyshal Rašković, Božidar Salvado, Marta Satorres Bervoets, Lieven Blust, Ronny De Boeck, Gudrun |
author_facet | Delahaut, Vyshal Rašković, Božidar Salvado, Marta Satorres Bervoets, Lieven Blust, Ronny De Boeck, Gudrun |
author_sort | Delahaut, Vyshal |
collection | PubMed |
description | The individual toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper and zinc for common carp juveniles was evaluated in a direct comparison in two experimental setups. First, fish were exposed for 10 days to different metal concentrations in order to link metal bioaccumulation to LC(50) values (concentration lethal to 50% of the animals) and incipient lethal levels (ILL, concentration where 50% survives indefinitely). Accumulated metals showed a positive dose dependent uptake for cadmium and copper, but not for zinc. Toxicity was in the order cadmium>copper>zinc with 96h LC(50) values for cadmium at 0.20±0.16 μM, for copper at 0.77±0.03 μM, and for zinc at 29.89±9.03 μM respectively. For copper, the 96h exposure was sufficient to calculate the incipient lethal level and therefore 96h LC(50) and ILL levels were the same, while for cadmium and zinc 5 to 6 days were needed to reach ILL resulting in slightly lower values at 0.16 μM and 28.33 μM respectively. Subsequently, a subacute exposure experiment was conducted, where carp juveniles were exposed to 2 equitoxic concentrations (10% and 50% of LC(50) 96 h) of the three metals for 1, 3 and 7 days. Again a significant dose-dependent increase in gill cadmium and copper, but not in zinc, was observed during the 7-day exposure. Copper clearly affected sodium levels in gill tissue, while zinc and cadmium did not significantly alter any of the gill electrolytes. The overall histopathological effects (e.g. hyperemia and hypertrophy) of the metal exposures were mild for most of the alterations. Our study showed that copper an cadmium (but not zinc) showed dose dependent metal accumulation, however this bioaccumulation was only correlated with mortality for cadmium. Metal specific alterations were reduced gill sodium levels in copper exposed fish and oedema of the primary epithelium which typically occurred in both levels of zinc exposure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7145017 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71450172020-04-14 Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles Delahaut, Vyshal Rašković, Božidar Salvado, Marta Satorres Bervoets, Lieven Blust, Ronny De Boeck, Gudrun PLoS One Research Article The individual toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper and zinc for common carp juveniles was evaluated in a direct comparison in two experimental setups. First, fish were exposed for 10 days to different metal concentrations in order to link metal bioaccumulation to LC(50) values (concentration lethal to 50% of the animals) and incipient lethal levels (ILL, concentration where 50% survives indefinitely). Accumulated metals showed a positive dose dependent uptake for cadmium and copper, but not for zinc. Toxicity was in the order cadmium>copper>zinc with 96h LC(50) values for cadmium at 0.20±0.16 μM, for copper at 0.77±0.03 μM, and for zinc at 29.89±9.03 μM respectively. For copper, the 96h exposure was sufficient to calculate the incipient lethal level and therefore 96h LC(50) and ILL levels were the same, while for cadmium and zinc 5 to 6 days were needed to reach ILL resulting in slightly lower values at 0.16 μM and 28.33 μM respectively. Subsequently, a subacute exposure experiment was conducted, where carp juveniles were exposed to 2 equitoxic concentrations (10% and 50% of LC(50) 96 h) of the three metals for 1, 3 and 7 days. Again a significant dose-dependent increase in gill cadmium and copper, but not in zinc, was observed during the 7-day exposure. Copper clearly affected sodium levels in gill tissue, while zinc and cadmium did not significantly alter any of the gill electrolytes. The overall histopathological effects (e.g. hyperemia and hypertrophy) of the metal exposures were mild for most of the alterations. Our study showed that copper an cadmium (but not zinc) showed dose dependent metal accumulation, however this bioaccumulation was only correlated with mortality for cadmium. Metal specific alterations were reduced gill sodium levels in copper exposed fish and oedema of the primary epithelium which typically occurred in both levels of zinc exposure. Public Library of Science 2020-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7145017/ /pubmed/32271754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220485 Text en © 2020 Delahaut et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Delahaut, Vyshal Rašković, Božidar Salvado, Marta Satorres Bervoets, Lieven Blust, Ronny De Boeck, Gudrun Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
title | Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
title_full | Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
title_fullStr | Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
title_full_unstemmed | Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
title_short | Toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Copper and Zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
title_sort | toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper and zinc in a direct comparison at equitoxic concentrations in common carp (cyprinus carpio) juveniles |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7145017/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220485 |
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