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Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
Background: The reasons behind low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) are still not entirely known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biological (i.e., sex-related) and psycho-socio-cultural (i.e., gender-related) factors on Med-diet adherence. Methods: Baseline Med-diet adherence was m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146303/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32183044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030759 |
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author | Raparelli, Valeria Romiti, Giulio Francesco Spugnardi, Valeria Borgi, Marco Cangemi, Roberto Basili, Stefania Proietti, Marco |
author_facet | Raparelli, Valeria Romiti, Giulio Francesco Spugnardi, Valeria Borgi, Marco Cangemi, Roberto Basili, Stefania Proietti, Marco |
author_sort | Raparelli, Valeria |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The reasons behind low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) are still not entirely known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biological (i.e., sex-related) and psycho-socio-cultural (i.e., gender-related) factors on Med-diet adherence. Methods: Baseline Med-diet adherence was measured using a self-administered questionnaire among adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) from the EVA (Endocrine Vascular Disease Approach) study. A multivariable analysis was performed to estimate the effect of sex- and gender-related factors (i.e., identity, roles, relations, and institutionalized gender) on low adherence. Results: Among 366 participants (66 ± 11 years, 31% women), 81 (22%) adults with low adherence demonstrated higher rates of diabetes, no smoking habit, lower male BSRI (Bem Sex Role Inventory) (median (IQR) 4.8 (4.1 to 5.5) vs. 5.1 (4.5 to 5.6) and p = 0.048), and higher Perceived Stress Scale 10 items (PSS-10) (median (IQR) 19 (11 to 23) vs. 15 (11 to 20) and p = 0.07) scores than those with medium-high adherence. In the multivariable analysis, only active smoking (odds ratio, OR = 2.10, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.14 to 3.85 and p = 0.017), PPS-10 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.08, and p = 0.038) and male BSRI scores (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.95, and p = 0.021) were independently associated with low adherence. Conclusions: Male personality traits and perceived stress (i.e., gender identity) were associated with low Med-diet adherence regardless of the sex, age, and comorbidities. Therefore, gender-sensitive interventions should be explored to improve adherence in IHD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7146303 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71463032020-04-15 Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease Raparelli, Valeria Romiti, Giulio Francesco Spugnardi, Valeria Borgi, Marco Cangemi, Roberto Basili, Stefania Proietti, Marco Nutrients Article Background: The reasons behind low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) are still not entirely known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biological (i.e., sex-related) and psycho-socio-cultural (i.e., gender-related) factors on Med-diet adherence. Methods: Baseline Med-diet adherence was measured using a self-administered questionnaire among adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) from the EVA (Endocrine Vascular Disease Approach) study. A multivariable analysis was performed to estimate the effect of sex- and gender-related factors (i.e., identity, roles, relations, and institutionalized gender) on low adherence. Results: Among 366 participants (66 ± 11 years, 31% women), 81 (22%) adults with low adherence demonstrated higher rates of diabetes, no smoking habit, lower male BSRI (Bem Sex Role Inventory) (median (IQR) 4.8 (4.1 to 5.5) vs. 5.1 (4.5 to 5.6) and p = 0.048), and higher Perceived Stress Scale 10 items (PSS-10) (median (IQR) 19 (11 to 23) vs. 15 (11 to 20) and p = 0.07) scores than those with medium-high adherence. In the multivariable analysis, only active smoking (odds ratio, OR = 2.10, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.14 to 3.85 and p = 0.017), PPS-10 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.08, and p = 0.038) and male BSRI scores (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.95, and p = 0.021) were independently associated with low adherence. Conclusions: Male personality traits and perceived stress (i.e., gender identity) were associated with low Med-diet adherence regardless of the sex, age, and comorbidities. Therefore, gender-sensitive interventions should be explored to improve adherence in IHD. MDPI 2020-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7146303/ /pubmed/32183044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030759 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Raparelli, Valeria Romiti, Giulio Francesco Spugnardi, Valeria Borgi, Marco Cangemi, Roberto Basili, Stefania Proietti, Marco Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease |
title | Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease |
title_full | Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease |
title_fullStr | Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease |
title_short | Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease |
title_sort | gender-related determinants of adherence to the mediterranean diet in adults with ischemic heart disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146303/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32183044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030759 |
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