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Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease

Background: The reasons behind low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) are still not entirely known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biological (i.e., sex-related) and psycho-socio-cultural (i.e., gender-related) factors on Med-diet adherence. Methods: Baseline Med-diet adherence was m...

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Autores principales: Raparelli, Valeria, Romiti, Giulio Francesco, Spugnardi, Valeria, Borgi, Marco, Cangemi, Roberto, Basili, Stefania, Proietti, Marco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32183044
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030759
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author Raparelli, Valeria
Romiti, Giulio Francesco
Spugnardi, Valeria
Borgi, Marco
Cangemi, Roberto
Basili, Stefania
Proietti, Marco
author_facet Raparelli, Valeria
Romiti, Giulio Francesco
Spugnardi, Valeria
Borgi, Marco
Cangemi, Roberto
Basili, Stefania
Proietti, Marco
author_sort Raparelli, Valeria
collection PubMed
description Background: The reasons behind low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) are still not entirely known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biological (i.e., sex-related) and psycho-socio-cultural (i.e., gender-related) factors on Med-diet adherence. Methods: Baseline Med-diet adherence was measured using a self-administered questionnaire among adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) from the EVA (Endocrine Vascular Disease Approach) study. A multivariable analysis was performed to estimate the effect of sex- and gender-related factors (i.e., identity, roles, relations, and institutionalized gender) on low adherence. Results: Among 366 participants (66 ± 11 years, 31% women), 81 (22%) adults with low adherence demonstrated higher rates of diabetes, no smoking habit, lower male BSRI (Bem Sex Role Inventory) (median (IQR) 4.8 (4.1 to 5.5) vs. 5.1 (4.5 to 5.6) and p = 0.048), and higher Perceived Stress Scale 10 items (PSS-10) (median (IQR) 19 (11 to 23) vs. 15 (11 to 20) and p = 0.07) scores than those with medium-high adherence. In the multivariable analysis, only active smoking (odds ratio, OR = 2.10, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.14 to 3.85 and p = 0.017), PPS-10 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.08, and p = 0.038) and male BSRI scores (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.95, and p = 0.021) were independently associated with low adherence. Conclusions: Male personality traits and perceived stress (i.e., gender identity) were associated with low Med-diet adherence regardless of the sex, age, and comorbidities. Therefore, gender-sensitive interventions should be explored to improve adherence in IHD.
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spelling pubmed-71463032020-04-15 Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease Raparelli, Valeria Romiti, Giulio Francesco Spugnardi, Valeria Borgi, Marco Cangemi, Roberto Basili, Stefania Proietti, Marco Nutrients Article Background: The reasons behind low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) are still not entirely known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biological (i.e., sex-related) and psycho-socio-cultural (i.e., gender-related) factors on Med-diet adherence. Methods: Baseline Med-diet adherence was measured using a self-administered questionnaire among adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) from the EVA (Endocrine Vascular Disease Approach) study. A multivariable analysis was performed to estimate the effect of sex- and gender-related factors (i.e., identity, roles, relations, and institutionalized gender) on low adherence. Results: Among 366 participants (66 ± 11 years, 31% women), 81 (22%) adults with low adherence demonstrated higher rates of diabetes, no smoking habit, lower male BSRI (Bem Sex Role Inventory) (median (IQR) 4.8 (4.1 to 5.5) vs. 5.1 (4.5 to 5.6) and p = 0.048), and higher Perceived Stress Scale 10 items (PSS-10) (median (IQR) 19 (11 to 23) vs. 15 (11 to 20) and p = 0.07) scores than those with medium-high adherence. In the multivariable analysis, only active smoking (odds ratio, OR = 2.10, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.14 to 3.85 and p = 0.017), PPS-10 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.08, and p = 0.038) and male BSRI scores (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.95, and p = 0.021) were independently associated with low adherence. Conclusions: Male personality traits and perceived stress (i.e., gender identity) were associated with low Med-diet adherence regardless of the sex, age, and comorbidities. Therefore, gender-sensitive interventions should be explored to improve adherence in IHD. MDPI 2020-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7146303/ /pubmed/32183044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030759 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Raparelli, Valeria
Romiti, Giulio Francesco
Spugnardi, Valeria
Borgi, Marco
Cangemi, Roberto
Basili, Stefania
Proietti, Marco
Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
title Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
title_full Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
title_fullStr Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
title_full_unstemmed Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
title_short Gender-Related Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease
title_sort gender-related determinants of adherence to the mediterranean diet in adults with ischemic heart disease
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32183044
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030759
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