Cargando…
A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), has been used in China for hundreds of years as a functional food and medicine. However, some short-age CRPs are disguised as long-age CRPs by unscrupulous businessmen in order to obtain higher profits. In this paper, a rapid and nondestructive method for the cla...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146621/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32178312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061586 |
_version_ | 1783520243408175104 |
---|---|
author | Li, Pao Zhang, Xinxin Li, Shangke Du, Guorong Jiang, Liwen Liu, Xia Ding, Shenghua Shan, Yang |
author_facet | Li, Pao Zhang, Xinxin Li, Shangke Du, Guorong Jiang, Liwen Liu, Xia Ding, Shenghua Shan, Yang |
author_sort | Li, Pao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), has been used in China for hundreds of years as a functional food and medicine. However, some short-age CRPs are disguised as long-age CRPs by unscrupulous businessmen in order to obtain higher profits. In this paper, a rapid and nondestructive method for the classification of different-age CRPs was established using portable near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in diffuse reflectance mode combination with appropriate chemometric methods. The spectra of outer skin and inner capsule of CRPs at different storage ages were obtained directly without destroying the samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) with single and combined spectral pretreatment methods was used for the classification of different-age CRPs. Furthermore, the data were pretreated with the PCA method, and Fisher linear discriminant analysis (FLD) with optimized pretreatment methods was discussed for improving the accuracy of classification. Data pretreatment methods can be used to eliminate the noise and background interference. The classification accuracy of inner capsule is better than that of outer skin data. Furthermore, the best results with 100% prediction accuracy can be obtained with FLD method, even without pretreatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7146621 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71466212020-04-20 A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy Li, Pao Zhang, Xinxin Li, Shangke Du, Guorong Jiang, Liwen Liu, Xia Ding, Shenghua Shan, Yang Sensors (Basel) Article Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), has been used in China for hundreds of years as a functional food and medicine. However, some short-age CRPs are disguised as long-age CRPs by unscrupulous businessmen in order to obtain higher profits. In this paper, a rapid and nondestructive method for the classification of different-age CRPs was established using portable near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in diffuse reflectance mode combination with appropriate chemometric methods. The spectra of outer skin and inner capsule of CRPs at different storage ages were obtained directly without destroying the samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) with single and combined spectral pretreatment methods was used for the classification of different-age CRPs. Furthermore, the data were pretreated with the PCA method, and Fisher linear discriminant analysis (FLD) with optimized pretreatment methods was discussed for improving the accuracy of classification. Data pretreatment methods can be used to eliminate the noise and background interference. The classification accuracy of inner capsule is better than that of outer skin data. Furthermore, the best results with 100% prediction accuracy can be obtained with FLD method, even without pretreatment. MDPI 2020-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7146621/ /pubmed/32178312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061586 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Pao Zhang, Xinxin Li, Shangke Du, Guorong Jiang, Liwen Liu, Xia Ding, Shenghua Shan, Yang A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
title | A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
title_full | A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
title_fullStr | A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
title_full_unstemmed | A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
title_short | A Rapid and Nondestructive Approach for the Classification of Different-Age Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
title_sort | rapid and nondestructive approach for the classification of different-age citri reticulatae pericarpium using portable near infrared spectroscopy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146621/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32178312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061586 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lipao arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT zhangxinxin arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT lishangke arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT duguorong arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT jiangliwen arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT liuxia arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT dingshenghua arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT shanyang arapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT lipao rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT zhangxinxin rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT lishangke rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT duguorong rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT jiangliwen rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT liuxia rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT dingshenghua rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy AT shanyang rapidandnondestructiveapproachfortheclassificationofdifferentagecitrireticulataepericarpiumusingportablenearinfraredspectroscopy |