Diagnostic microbiologique : du diagnostic par étiologie au diagnostic par syndrome

OBJECTIVES: Over the past decade, the introduction of techniques of molecular biology and the automation have undergone important changes in the practice of clinical microbiological laboratories. METHODS: Commonly, physician prescriptions are etiology driven for emerging infectious agent. The improving in test standardization and rapidity and the best communication between physician and clinical microbiologist lead to profound changes in microbiology laboratories. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The present review summarizes the recent development in multiplexed microbiological technology adapted to syndrome driven diagnosis, including sampling strategy, DNA microarray and antigenic microarray.