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Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America
BACKGROUND: Although the prevalence of child stunting is falling in Latin America, socioeconomic inequalities persist. However, there is limited evidence on ethnic disparities. We aimed to describe ethnic inequalities of stunting and feeding practices in thirteen Latin American countries using recen...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147069/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32272935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01165-9 |
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author | Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Mesenburg, Marilia Arndt Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar G. |
author_facet | Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Mesenburg, Marilia Arndt Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar G. |
author_sort | Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Although the prevalence of child stunting is falling in Latin America, socioeconomic inequalities persist. However, there is limited evidence on ethnic disparities. We aimed to describe ethnic inequalities of stunting and feeding practices in thirteen Latin American countries using recent nationally representative surveys. METHODS: We analyzed national surveys carried out since 2006. Based on self-reported ethnicity, skin color or language, children were classified into three categories: indigenous/ afrodescendant/reference group (European or mixed ancestry). Stunting was defined as height (length)-for-age < − 2 standard deviations relative to WHO standards. Family wealth was assessed through household asset indices. We compared mean length/height-for-age and prevalence of stunting among the three ethnic groups. RESULTS: Thirteen surveys had information on indigenous and seven on afrodescendants. In all countries, the average length/height-for-age was significantly lower for indigenous, and in eleven countries there were significant differences in the prevalence of stunting: the pooled crude stunting prevalence ratio between indigenous and the reference group was 1.97 (95% CI 1.89; 2.05); after adjustment for wealth and place of residence, prevalence remained higher among indigenous (PR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.28; 1.39) in eight countries. Indigenous aged 6–23 months were more likely to be breastfed, but with poor complementary feeding, particularly in terms of dietary diversity. Afrodescendants showed few differences in height, and in two countries tended to be taller compared to the reference group. CONCLUSIONS: In all Latin American countries studied, indigenous tended to be shorter and afrodescendants presented few differences with relation to the reference group. In order to reach the SDG’s challenge of leaving no one behind, indigenous need to be prioritized. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7147069 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71470692020-04-18 Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Mesenburg, Marilia Arndt Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar G. Int J Equity Health Research BACKGROUND: Although the prevalence of child stunting is falling in Latin America, socioeconomic inequalities persist. However, there is limited evidence on ethnic disparities. We aimed to describe ethnic inequalities of stunting and feeding practices in thirteen Latin American countries using recent nationally representative surveys. METHODS: We analyzed national surveys carried out since 2006. Based on self-reported ethnicity, skin color or language, children were classified into three categories: indigenous/ afrodescendant/reference group (European or mixed ancestry). Stunting was defined as height (length)-for-age < − 2 standard deviations relative to WHO standards. Family wealth was assessed through household asset indices. We compared mean length/height-for-age and prevalence of stunting among the three ethnic groups. RESULTS: Thirteen surveys had information on indigenous and seven on afrodescendants. In all countries, the average length/height-for-age was significantly lower for indigenous, and in eleven countries there were significant differences in the prevalence of stunting: the pooled crude stunting prevalence ratio between indigenous and the reference group was 1.97 (95% CI 1.89; 2.05); after adjustment for wealth and place of residence, prevalence remained higher among indigenous (PR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.28; 1.39) in eight countries. Indigenous aged 6–23 months were more likely to be breastfed, but with poor complementary feeding, particularly in terms of dietary diversity. Afrodescendants showed few differences in height, and in two countries tended to be taller compared to the reference group. CONCLUSIONS: In all Latin American countries studied, indigenous tended to be shorter and afrodescendants presented few differences with relation to the reference group. In order to reach the SDG’s challenge of leaving no one behind, indigenous need to be prioritized. BioMed Central 2020-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7147069/ /pubmed/32272935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01165-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Mesenburg, Marilia Arndt Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar G. Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America |
title | Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America |
title_full | Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America |
title_fullStr | Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America |
title_full_unstemmed | Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America |
title_short | Ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from Latin America |
title_sort | ethnic inequalities in child stunting and feeding practices: results from surveys in thirteen countries from latin america |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147069/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32272935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01165-9 |
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