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Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies

Circadian rhythms ensure that physiological processes occur at the most biologically meaningful time. The circadian timing in the gastrointestinal tract involves interlocking transcriptional and translational feedback loops that culminate in the rhythmic expression and activity of a set of clock gen...

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Autores principales: Duboc, Henri, Coffin, Benoit, Siproudhis, Laurent
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147411/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32134798
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001333
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author Duboc, Henri
Coffin, Benoit
Siproudhis, Laurent
author_facet Duboc, Henri
Coffin, Benoit
Siproudhis, Laurent
author_sort Duboc, Henri
collection PubMed
description Circadian rhythms ensure that physiological processes occur at the most biologically meaningful time. The circadian timing in the gastrointestinal tract involves interlocking transcriptional and translational feedback loops that culminate in the rhythmic expression and activity of a set of clock genes and related hormones. The suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral core molecular clocks oscillate every 24 hours and are responsible for the periodic activity of various segments and transit along the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental cues may alter or reset these rhythms to align them with new circumstances. Colonic motility also follows a circadian rhythm with reduced nocturnal activity. Healthy humans have normal bowel motility during the day, frequently following awakening or following a meal, with minimal activity during the night. Maladjusted circadian rhythms in the bowel have been linked to digestive pathologies, including constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. Our advanced knowledge of the link between the circadian clock and gastrointestinal physiology provides potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. This review seeks to establish evidence for the correlation between circadian rhythm, bowel movements and digestive health, and examine the implications of disrupted circadian rhythms on gut physiology.
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spelling pubmed-71474112020-04-24 Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies Duboc, Henri Coffin, Benoit Siproudhis, Laurent J Clin Gastroenterol Clinical Reviews Circadian rhythms ensure that physiological processes occur at the most biologically meaningful time. The circadian timing in the gastrointestinal tract involves interlocking transcriptional and translational feedback loops that culminate in the rhythmic expression and activity of a set of clock genes and related hormones. The suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral core molecular clocks oscillate every 24 hours and are responsible for the periodic activity of various segments and transit along the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental cues may alter or reset these rhythms to align them with new circumstances. Colonic motility also follows a circadian rhythm with reduced nocturnal activity. Healthy humans have normal bowel motility during the day, frequently following awakening or following a meal, with minimal activity during the night. Maladjusted circadian rhythms in the bowel have been linked to digestive pathologies, including constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. Our advanced knowledge of the link between the circadian clock and gastrointestinal physiology provides potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. This review seeks to establish evidence for the correlation between circadian rhythm, bowel movements and digestive health, and examine the implications of disrupted circadian rhythms on gut physiology. Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc 2020 2020-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7147411/ /pubmed/32134798 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001333 Text en Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
spellingShingle Clinical Reviews
Duboc, Henri
Coffin, Benoit
Siproudhis, Laurent
Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies
title Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies
title_full Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies
title_fullStr Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies
title_full_unstemmed Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies
title_short Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies
title_sort disruption of circadian rhythms and gut motility: an overview of underlying mechanisms and associated pathologies
topic Clinical Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147411/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32134798
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001333
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