Les techniques de séquençage de l’ADN : une révolution en marche. Première partie

DNA sequencing is an essential tool in molecular biology and applied biosciences. Described in the late 1970s, this method had enormously increased the possibilities of genetic research. DNA sequencing is now routinely used in molecular biology laboratories. This technology has allowed sequencing of various and important genomes as the human one. Numerous innovations to improve DNA sequencing have been realized and new technologies have been described. The main objective of this article made up of two parts is to present the actual sequencing methodologies and the main evolutions in progress in this field. Individual human sequencing is not so far. In addition to ethical questions that will rise, other questions need to be considered. For example, how will we interpret the many genetic variants in regard to predisposition to disease and to phenotype ? Many studies in progress will answer these questions. In any case, a revolution is in motion.