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Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes
Protein synthesis is one of the most complex processes in the cell. Its regulation during different stages of growth, division, differentiation, development, aging, and death is a crucial aspect of a living system. In order to translate one mRNA molecule transcribed from a gene, almost 200 small and...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Elsevier B.V.
1995
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147887/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1569-2582(06)80012-7 |
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author | Rattan, Suresh I.S. |
author_facet | Rattan, Suresh I.S. |
author_sort | Rattan, Suresh I.S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Protein synthesis is one of the most complex processes in the cell. Its regulation during different stages of growth, division, differentiation, development, aging, and death is a crucial aspect of a living system. In order to translate one mRNA molecule transcribed from a gene, almost 200 small and large components are required to function effectively and accurately, while using large quantities of cellular energy. Ribosomes, initiation factors, elongation factors, amino acids, tRNAs, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the major components of the protein synthetic apparatus. Protein synthesis proceeds in three steps—initiation, elongation, and termination, followed by posttranslational modifications. The rate-limiting factors for the regulation of total protein synthesis can be any of the components of the protein synthetic machinery. The availability of mRNA and the amounts and activities of ribosomes, initiation factors, and elongation factors are the major regulators of protein synthesis. Posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation of various protein synthetic components are involved in determining their activity and stability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7147887 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 1995 |
publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71478872020-04-13 Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes Rattan, Suresh I.S. Principles of Medical Biology Article Protein synthesis is one of the most complex processes in the cell. Its regulation during different stages of growth, division, differentiation, development, aging, and death is a crucial aspect of a living system. In order to translate one mRNA molecule transcribed from a gene, almost 200 small and large components are required to function effectively and accurately, while using large quantities of cellular energy. Ribosomes, initiation factors, elongation factors, amino acids, tRNAs, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the major components of the protein synthetic apparatus. Protein synthesis proceeds in three steps—initiation, elongation, and termination, followed by posttranslational modifications. The rate-limiting factors for the regulation of total protein synthesis can be any of the components of the protein synthetic machinery. The availability of mRNA and the amounts and activities of ribosomes, initiation factors, and elongation factors are the major regulators of protein synthesis. Posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation of various protein synthetic components are involved in determining their activity and stability. Elsevier B.V. 1995 2007-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7147887/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1569-2582(06)80012-7 Text en Copyright © 1995 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Rattan, Suresh I.S. Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
title | Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
title_full | Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
title_fullStr | Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
title_full_unstemmed | Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
title_short | Chapter 10 Protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
title_sort | chapter 10 protein synthesis and regulation in eukaryotes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147887/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1569-2582(06)80012-7 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT rattansureshis chapter10proteinsynthesisandregulationineukaryotes |