Applicability of Tanaka–Johnston, Moyers, and Bernabé and Flores–Mir Mixed Dentition Analyses in School-going Children of Sri Ganganagar City, Rajasthan (India): A Cross-sectional Study

BACKGROUND: The orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning are the fundamental goals during the mixed dentition period. Numerous methods have been proposed till date such as Nance method, Moyer's method, Staley–Kerber and Tanaka–Johnston's method, and Bernabé and Flores–Mir method. AIM: The aim of the study is to determine the mesiodistal widths of the lower permanent canines and premolars from Tanaka–Johnston, Moyers, and Bernabé E and Flores–Mir C mixed dentition analysis and to determine the correlation coefficients and the new prediction equation for Sri Ganganagar population. SETTING AND DESIGN: A total of 3572 children were clinically examined from the contemporary population of Sri Ganganagar city and Outpatient Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry in Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan. A total of 150 individuals were randomly selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were designated as “study samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 150 children aged 11–16 years of Sri Ganganagar city were randomly selected. The mesiodistal width of permanent incisors, canines, premolars, and molars was measured with the help of digital vernier caliper with an accuracy of ±0.01 mm. The measurements of canines and premolars were summed up and compared with those derived from Tanaka and Johnston equations, Moyers probability tables, and Bernabé and Flores-Mir equations. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics Windows version “20.0” using Student's t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Kruskal–Wallis test. RESULTS: All the three methods overestimated the actual sum of permanent canine and premolars in both the arches in our population. The correlation coefficients and the new regression equations were derived for both maxilla and mandible in males and females for Sri Ganganagar population. CONCLUSION: The predicted values obtained from all the three methods overestimated the actual values.