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The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance
The high mutation rate of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in treatment resistance, from the development of vaccines to therapeutic drugs. In addressing the crux of the issue, various attempts to estimate the mutation rate of HIV-1 resulted in a large range of 10(−5...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150816/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32182845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030297 |
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author | Yeo, Joshua Yi Goh, Ghin-Ray Su, Chinh Tran-To Gan, Samuel Ken-En |
author_facet | Yeo, Joshua Yi Goh, Ghin-Ray Su, Chinh Tran-To Gan, Samuel Ken-En |
author_sort | Yeo, Joshua Yi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The high mutation rate of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in treatment resistance, from the development of vaccines to therapeutic drugs. In addressing the crux of the issue, various attempts to estimate the mutation rate of HIV-1 resulted in a large range of 10(−5)–10(−3) errors/bp/cycle due to the use of different types of investigation methods. In this review, we discuss the different assay methods, their findings on the mutation rates of HIV-1 and how the locations of mutations can be further analyzed for their allosteric effects to allow for new inhibitor designs. Given that HIV is one of the fastest mutating viruses, it serves as a good model for the comprehensive study of viral mutations that can give rise to a more horizontal understanding towards overall viral drug resistance as well as emerging viral diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7150816 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71508162020-04-20 The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance Yeo, Joshua Yi Goh, Ghin-Ray Su, Chinh Tran-To Gan, Samuel Ken-En Viruses Review The high mutation rate of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in treatment resistance, from the development of vaccines to therapeutic drugs. In addressing the crux of the issue, various attempts to estimate the mutation rate of HIV-1 resulted in a large range of 10(−5)–10(−3) errors/bp/cycle due to the use of different types of investigation methods. In this review, we discuss the different assay methods, their findings on the mutation rates of HIV-1 and how the locations of mutations can be further analyzed for their allosteric effects to allow for new inhibitor designs. Given that HIV is one of the fastest mutating viruses, it serves as a good model for the comprehensive study of viral mutations that can give rise to a more horizontal understanding towards overall viral drug resistance as well as emerging viral diseases. MDPI 2020-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7150816/ /pubmed/32182845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030297 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Yeo, Joshua Yi Goh, Ghin-Ray Su, Chinh Tran-To Gan, Samuel Ken-En The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance |
title | The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance |
title_full | The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance |
title_fullStr | The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance |
title_full_unstemmed | The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance |
title_short | The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance |
title_sort | determination of hiv-1 rt mutation rate, its possible allosteric effects, and its implications on drug resistance |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150816/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32182845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030297 |
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